Reliability/validity in sampling, designs, and methods

• What should you do when choosing a sampling method?

  Stick to a method like random sampling
• What should you aim for in terms of sample size?

  A consistent sample size
• What does internal validity ensure in a study?

  Findings are due to what you're testing
• What does external validity ensure in a study?

  Results can be applied to different settings
• What key question does internal validity focus on?

  Are the results due to what I'm testing?
• How can reliability be compared to a ruler's accuracy?

  A ruler measuring 10 cm consistently is reliable
• What key question does external validity focus on?

  Can I apply these results to other people?
• Why is reliability important in research findings?

  It ensures findings are stable and trustworthy
• What does validity in research mean?


  It measures what it's supposed to measure
• What are the two main types of validity in research?

  • Internal Validity
  • External Validity
• What is important to ensure reliability in sampling?

  Use consistent methods that can be repeated
• What are the key steps to ensure reliability in sampling?

  • Use standardized sampling procedures
  • Maintain sample size
  • Train researchers
• How does a control group function in an educational experiment?

  It compares a new teaching method with an old one
• What is a key action to ensure researchers follow the same protocol?

  Train all team members
• What is the purpose of conducting pilot studies?

  To check the consistency of sampling procedures
• What are the two main types of validity in experimental designs?

  Internal Validity and External Validity
• How does the use of control groups improve Internal Validity in an experiment?

  It isolates the effect of the tested variable
• How can Internal Validity be improved?

  Use control groups and minimize bias
• How does External Validity enhance the applicability of research findings?

  • Conducting studies in various settings
  • Testing with diverse populations
  • Using representative samples for broader application
• What does testing multiple times in an experiment help to determine?

  If results are consistent
• What is stratified sampling?

  Dividing population into subgroups based on characteristics
• What are the different types of sampling validity?

  1. Construct Validity

  • Ensures sampling targets desired traits

  1. Content Validity

  • Checks if sample covers all aspects of the trait

  1. Criterion Validity

  • Compares sample characteristics with established criteria
• Why is it important to train researchers?

  To ensure accurate following of procedures
• What is the purpose of construct validity?

  Ensures sampling targets desired traits
• Why is it necessary to repeat experiments?

  To check for consistency in results
• How can you improve sampling validity?

  Increase sample size
• How can you ensure consistent measurements in an experiment?

  By using the same tools to measure
• How does criterion validity apply to physics tests?

  • Compares test scores with physics class grades
  • Validates test effectiveness through external criteria
• What does content validity check?

  If your sample covers all aspects of the trait
• How can External Validity be improved?

  Use representative samples and diverse groups
• How does content validity apply to testing physics understanding?

  • Covers all key topics in physics
  • Ensures comprehensive assessment of knowledge
• What are the key steps to ensure reliability in experimental designs?

  • Standardize procedures
  • Use control groups
  • Test multiple times
  • Consistent measurements
• What does reliability in research mean?

  Consistent results upon repeating an experiment
• How does Internal Validity ensure accurate results in experiments?

  • Control groups are used to compare results
  • Standardized procedures minimize bias
  • Focuses on isolating the variable being tested
• How can researchers enhance External Validity in a study about homework strategies?

  By testing in various schools and age groups
• How does maintaining sample size contribute to research quality?

  • Provides stable representation of the population
  • Example: Sampling 200 students from each grade level
• What is the benefit of following the key steps for reliability?

  It ensures consistency and replicability of findings
• Why is it important to document the sampling process?

  So others can replicate it
• What does standardizing procedures involve?

  Using the same protocols and materials consistently
• Why is maintaining sample size important?

  It ensures stable representation of the population