cell membrane

• what is another name for the cell membrane

  plasma membrane
• what are the two main components of the cell membrane

  phospholipids and proteins
• how are the phospholipids arranged in a cell membrane

  as a bilayer
• what is a cell membrane

  the semipermeable membrane surrounding the cytoplasm of a cell.
• what is the purpose of a cell membrane

  it is a boundary that separates a living cell from its non living surroundings
• what are the three components of a phospholipid

  phosphate group glycerol and fatty acids
• what bond holds the fatty acids and glycerol together within a phospholipid

  an ester bond
• which part of a phospholipid of is hydrophilic

  head
• explain why the hydrophobic fatty acid tails are pointed towards the inside of the membrane

  the fatty acid tails are hydrophobic and repel water present in the cytoplasm
• what type of substances are able to pass through the phospholipid bilayer

  lipid soluble or nonpolar molecules
• give examples of nonpolar molecules

  glycerol and vitamin a
• how will water soluble molecules pass through the cell membrane

  through an intrinsic protein channel
• what is a protein located semi-inside of the membrane known as

  extrinsic protein
• what is a protein that is extended across both phospholipid layers known as

  an intrinsic protein
• what is meant by a polar molecule

  slightly charged regions
• how does does a protein being polar affect whether is an intrinsic or extrinsic protein


  if the protein is extrinsic it will only polar on one side
• where are glycoproteins found on a cell membrane

  on the outside of the cell membrane attached to extrinsic proteins
• where are glycolipids found on the cell membrane

  on the outside of the cell membrane attached to phospholipids
• by what process are glycolipids formed on the cell membrane

  glycosylation
• what is found within the phospholipid bilayer to maintain fluid

  a cholesterol molecule
• What is the fluid mosaic model?

  this describes the arrangement of the cell membrane
• what does fluid mean in the fluid mosaic model

  the individual phospholipid molecules that can move freely that makes the membrane fluid
• What does "mosaic" mean in the Fluid Mosaic Model?

  the random distribution of proteins molecules forming a mosaic pattern
• what is the function of phospholipids in cell membrane

  to form a bilayer that allows non-polar molecules to pass through
• what is the function of extrinsic proteins in cell membrane

  acts as a receptor for hormones
• what is the function of intrinsic proteins

  they act as a carrier or channel to allow the passage of charged polar molecules
• give examples of polar molecules

  glucose
• what is the function of cholesterol in the cell membrane

  control membrane fluidity
• what are glycolipids and glycoproteins collectively known as

  Glycocalyx