behaviourism

• Behaviourism is the study of human behaviour learnt through experiment.
• Humans are born with a blank slate and can only study with observations.
• Classical conditioning involves conditioning a dog so that when a bell sound is made, they are given food.
• The dog learns this association and the bell becomes a stimulus and saliva becomes a new response of saliva production.
• Conclusion: A neutral stimulus can come to elect a new learned response (conditioned response) through associations.
• Lower generalisability as use of animals.
• Unethical treatment of animals.
• Can be replicated and objective data can increase the scientific credibility.
• Unconditional stimulus (food) -> unconditioned response (salvation).
• Neural stimulus (bell) -> no response.
• Unconditioned stimulus (food) + neutral stimulus (bell) -> unconditioned response (salvation).
• Conditioned stimulus (bell) -> conditioned response (salvation).
• Operant conditioning involves learning is an active process whereby we learn by our environment.
• The Skinners box involves a pigeon or rat placed in a box that is being electric shocked, with the rat pecking the handle to stop the electric shock or to get a reward.
• Positive punishment involves receiving something unpleasant.
• Negative punishment involves getting something taken off of you.
• Positive reinforcement involves positive rewards for good behaviour.
• Negative reinforcement involves humans or animals avoiding something unpleasant for a positive outcome.
• Unethical treatment of animals in operant conditioning.
• Objective data can increase the scientific credibility in operant conditioning.
• Operant conditioning can be applied to real world situations such as gambling.
• Little Albert and Watson's research in operant conditioning has higher internal validity due to being a lab experiment, but it is not generalisable as it involves conditions an individual that can't consent.