B.3

• Thermodynamics - relationship between heat, energy, and work
• Laws of thermodynamics

  1. Energy can’t be created or destroyed
  2. F = ma
  3. Energy conversions always produce waste energy (no system is 100% efficient)
• • Renewable sources - infinitely available
  • Ex. wind, solar, water
  • Non-renewable sources - limited amount
  • Ex. fossil fuels 
• • Cogeneration - using waste energy from one process as a power source for another
  • Sustainable - not compromising our survival needs
• • Energy input - initial energy source
  • Energy output - energy needed to do desired work
• Efficiency - how effectively energy input converts to energy output
• Energy efficiency applications

  • Natural applications
  • Photosynthesis
  • Cellular respiration
  • Technological applications
  • Hydroelectric dams
  • Solar panels