Synaptic Transmission

• What are the 4 types of ions used?

  Na+, K+, CL- and Ca+
• What happens before summation?

  1. Neuron fires
• What is the threshold?

  -55mV
• What happens once the neuron fires?

  2 . Ca+ channels open and Ca+ ions flood in
• What happens once the Ca+ ions flood in?

  3. Ca+ ions push the vesicles that fuse with the membrane to cause exocytosis
• What happens after exocytosis?

  4. Neurotransmitters are released into the synapse/synaptic cleft
• What happens to the neurotransmitters once released?

  5. Reaches receptors and locks on
• What happens once the NT lock on?

  6. Ion channels open as the gates open
• Why do the ion channels open?

  The gates are chemically gates
• What happens once the ion channels open?

  7. The ions flow in (Most used Na+)
• What happens once the ions flow in?

  If enough the neuron will fire again
• What is summation?

  Adding up all the IPSP and EPSP
• Where does summation occur?

  Axon hillock
• When will the neuron not fire?

  If there's too many IPSPs
• What does IPSP and EPSP stand for?

  Inhibiting Post Synpatic Potential

  Excitating Post Synaptic Potential
• What are the two types of summation?

  Spatial and temporal
• What is does depolarised mean?

  Firing more +ve
• What does hyper-polarised mean?

  Less likely to fire more -ve
• What does polarised mean?

  Resting state
• What are examples of EPSP and IPSP?

  EPSP - Glutamate

  IPSP - GABA