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• What are the components of the compound light microscope?

  • Ocular lenses or eyepiece
  • Revolving nosepiece
  • Diopter adjustment
  • Body tube
  • Objective lenses
  • Stage
  • Illuminator
  • Base
• Topmost part of the microscope which is the lens the viewer loojs through to see the specimen

  Ocular lens/eyepiece
• Located above the stage, it holds the objective lenses

  Revolving nose piece
• Used to change focus on one eye piece

  Diopter adjustment
• Connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses

  Body tube/head
• Connects the body tube to the base of the microscope

  Arm
• Brings the specimen into general focus

  Coarse adjustment
• Fine tunes the focus and increases the details of the specimen

  Fine adjustment
• Held in place above the stage by tge revolving nose peice and are the lenses that are closest to the specimen

  Objective lenses
• How many objectives does the objectives lenses contain?

  3-5 objectives
• Range of power of objective lenses

  4X to 100X
• Beneath the revolving nose piece ; flat platform on which the specimen is placed

  Stage
• Situated above the stage; these are metal clips that hold the slide in place

  Stage clips
• Beneath the stage; knobs that move the stage

  Stage control
• Hole in the middle of the stage that allows light from the illuminator to reach the slide

  Aperture
• Located at the base that turns the illuminator on or off

  On/off switch
• Light source of the microscope

  Illuminator
• Found in the condenser; adjusts the amount of light coming through the condenser

  Iris diaphragm
• Beneath the stage and contains lens system that focuses light onto the specimen

  Condenser
• Supports the microscope and is where the illuminator is found

  Base
• Intracellular structures that store nutrients, help with stress resistance, and regulate metabolism

  Inclusion
• Protective outer layer made of polysaccharides or polypeptides.

  Capsule
• rigid structure that provides shape, protection, and support.

  Cell wall
• What is the composition of gram positive cell wall?

  1. Thick peptidoglycan layer
  2. Teichoic acids
• What is the composition of gram negative cell wall

  1. Thin peptidoglycan layer
  2. Outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharides
• Selectively permeable lipid bilayer that controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

  Plasma membrane
• Short, hair-like structures that help bacteria adhere to surfaces, host tissues, and each other.

  Fimbriae
• T or F: Fimbriae assist in movement

  False
• Specialized fimbriae that assists in DNA transfee during conjugation?

  Pili
• gel-like substance that fills the cell, containing water, enzymes, nutrients, and essential molecules.

  Cytoplasm
• long, whip-like structures made of flagellin protein, used for motility.

  Flagella
• Single flagellum at one end

  Monotrichous
• Multiple flagella at one end

  Iophotrichous
• One or more flagella at both ends

  Amphitrichous
• Flagella covering the entire surface

  Peritrichous
• What is the other term for cell wall?

  Murein sacculus
• Sub unit of murein sacculus?

  Murein or mucopeptide
• Contains the bacterial DNA,

  Nucleoid
• small, circular DNA molecules that provide antibiotic resistance, toxin production, and metabolic advantages.

  Plasmid
• How does the plasmid transfer?

  Conjugation