its (internet)

• Internet A network of computer networks. It is the biggest world-wide communication network of computers.
• Internet is an interconnected network of computers all over the world using a common set of interconnection standards or protocols, communicating and exchanging data with one another
• J.C.R Licklider of MIT envisioned a globally interconnected set of computers through which everyone could quickly access data and programs from any site. In spirit, the concept was very much like the Internet of today.
• J.C.R. Licklider American Psychologist and Computer Scientist, he demonstrated an amazing prescience many times over. His original and far-sighted ideas outlined many of the features the Internet offers today
• Pentagon’s ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency) became functional, linking scientific and academic researches across the US
• Larry Roberts, the principal architect of the ARPANET, later recalled the importance of Lick's ideas
• Ray Tomlinson sent the first email
• The World Wide Web o collection of interlinked multimedia documents that are stored on the Internet and accessed using a common protocol (HTTP)
• A collection of web pages is called a web site
• Each electronic document on the web is called a web page
• Sir Tim Berners Lee, a British computer scientist invented the World Wide Web in 1989
• three fundamental technologies

  1. HTML: Hypertext Markup Language. The markup (formatting) language for the web
  2. URI: Uniform Resource Identifier. A kind of “address” that is unique and used to identify to each resource on the web. It is also commonly called a URL.
  3. HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol. Allows for the retrieval of linked resources from across the web.
• a protocol is the formal specification that defines the procedures that must be followed when transmitting or receiving data. it defines the format, timing, sequence, and error checking used on the network.
• Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) / Internet Protocol (IP) is the Foundation protocols for the internet Manages conversations between servers and web clients.
• HTTPS Stands for HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure and is a secure version of HTTP.
• An Internet service provider (ISP), also called telephone companies or other telecommunication providers, provides services such as Internet access, Internet transit, domain name registration and hosting.
• An IP address is number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet
• Domain Name is the text version of an IP address
• The Domain Name System (DNS) is the method that the Internet uses to store domain names and their corresponding IP addresses
• A uniform resource locator, abbreviated URL (also known as web address). It is the full address to a web page or file/program.
• Other protocols

  (FTP) File transfer protocol – used for interactive file transfer between systems

  (SMTP) Simple Mail Transfer Protocol - for transfer of electronic messages (and attachments)