6.2.2 - Alkanes

• what are alkanes?

  homologous series of saturated hydrocarbons
• general formula of alkanes

  C(n)H(2n+2)
• isomerism in alkanes

  alkanes with 4 or more carbon atoms show structural isomerism
• boiling point of alkanes

  increases as carbon chain gets bigger the greater the number of London forces so stronger intermolecular forces of attraction so higher boiling point
• solubility of alkanes in water

  only new attractions between alkanes & water are London forces which don't release enough energy to break hydrogen bonds in water so not soluble
• solubility of alkanes in organic solvents

  soluble because main force of attraction in organic solvents are London forces so forms new London forces which energetically canal each other out
• what are cycloalkanes?

  alkanes with carbon atoms joined up in a ring
• general formula of Cycloalkanes

  C(n) H(2n)