2. Speech Community

• Speech community - a group of people with shared set of activities, practices, beliefs, and social structures despite difference in language and use.
• The rules and norms of this speech community show up in a dialect referred to as the vernacular, the most basic variety or dialect of language we command.
• Social network refers to the social relationships that exist among all of the members of a given group.
• Network strength - the close-knit nature of relationships among members of a speech community are measured by analyzing density and multiplexity; the more dense and multiplex a community.
• Density - a measure of number of ties among members in a community.
• Multiplexity - a measure of the kinds of ties among members in a community, derived by noting the ways in which individuals are related.
• Sociolinguistic marker(referred to as speech marker in Wardhaugh) - a sociolinguistic variable the variants of which are distributed according to both social class and social context.
• Intersecting communities are communities which have things in common like in language; dvantageous to shift their identities freely.
• Networks and repertoires refer to the ability of a person to be part of various speech communities, some that intersect and some that do not.
• The linguistic effect of open and closed networks is intimately related to the type of community, such as a small town or large city, Southern or Northern.
• An open network provides open access to its users, often serving as a platform for new and important information, like a serious blogger and visitor of blogs.
• A closed network, on the other hand, is mostly made up of strong ties, with information that flows inefficiently and redundantly, like Facebook.
• A verbal repertoire refers to the totality of linguistic forms employed in a socially significant interaction, including vocabulary and grammar.
• A linguistic or speech repertoire refers to the linguistic varieties used by a speech community, such as register, dialects, styles, accents, and the like.