Science

• Scientist who study volcanoes are call volcanologist
• Based onon morphology volcanoes can be classified as

  Flood plateau Basalt

  Lava dome

  Splatter or tuff cones

  Cinder cone

  Shield volcano

  Stratovolcano
• Water can accumelate in a crater, which can form a crater lake
• Caldera - is a volcano with large crater opening
• Volcano - a place on earth's surface or any other planet where molten rock and gases are erupted
• Volacanoes are known to be hot and fiery places that spew out smoke and cinder
• The science that studies volcanoes , including the processes related of magma , fluids, and gases is volcanology
• The term "volcano" comes from the Latin word "volcanus" which refers to the to the Roman god of fire vulcan
• Volcanic eruptions can last days , months, or even years
• Volcano - a hill or mountain built by the eruption of molten rocks
• Volcanoes are opening, or vents where lava , tephra (small rocks) and steam erupt onto the earth's surface
• Parts of volcano

  Magma

  Lava

  Ash

  Will

  Summit

  Crater

  Conduit

  Throat
• The Philippines has five types of climates.

  Tropical rainforest

  Tropical monsoon

  Tropical savamna

  Humid subtropical

  Oceanic
• The climate of the Philippines is tropical and maritime
• It is characterized by relatively high temperature, high humidity and abundant rainfall it is similar in many respect to the climate of the country's of Central america
• Climate status of the Philippines?

  The Philippines has a humid equatorial climate characterized by high temperature and heavy rainfall
• Tropical rainforest - is a hot, humid, and flourishing dense forest , usually found around the equator.
• Tropical monsoon - have monthly mean temperatures above 18°c (64°F) in every month of the year and a dry season.
• Tropical savanna - a biome characterized by tall grassess and occasional trees.
• Humid subtropical - characterized by hot, humid summers and mild, chilly winters.
• Oceanic - is characterized by cool summers and cool winters , with a narrow annual temperature range and few extremes due to maritime influence.
• Star - is any mass of self limitation , celestial body of gas that shines by radiation derives from its internal energy sources a star
• Stars are huge, glowing balls of gases which includes hydrogen , helium, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen, iron, and calcium .
• Hydrogen - the lightest element, it makes up about 85% of the mass
• Helium - it constitutes about 10% of a star
• Helium & hydrogen (all together) - make up about 95 to 98% of a total mass of a star
• Speetroscopes or speetrometers art tools used by astronomers to study the stars. They use prisms of different attraction grating to seperate or split the light gathered by a telescope into speetrum.
• Continuous speetrum - consist of uninterrupted band of color , which can incandescent solid, liquid, or gas produced at high pressure. The visible light produced by the ordinary light bulbs is an example of a continuous speetrum.
• Sir Isaac newton observed this speetrum he used a prism to seperate visible light into the different colors.
• An omission speetrum consist of a series of bright lines off specific wavelengths produced at low pressure by hot gas
• This bright lines occur in the same location as the darklines in an absorption speetrum
• Only selected wavelengths of light are absorbed by the gas
• Absorption speetrum is produced when light passed through cool gas, but at the lowlow pressure.
• Approximate

  Surface

  temperature color example

  30,000 blueviolet mintaka

  0 blue rigel

  20,000 white Sirius vega

  0 yellow canopus

  10,000 white sun, alpha centauri

  7000 yellow aldebaran

  6000 orange betelgeuse

  4000 red

  3000
• Mass is one of the characteristics of a star that is most difficult to measure
• Binary stars are pairs ofof stars pulled towards each other by gravity , it's a common point , called center of a mass , Is where binary stars orbit each other
• The center of the mass lies in the middle of the binary stars of they have equal masses
• Neutron - smallest stars with a diameter of about 16km
• Dwarf - it has a diameter of about 7300 kilometers
• Medium size - has a diameter of about 0.1 of the diameter of the sun