Prelim question answers

• Describe: Why did Scottish people move between 1830 and 1939?

  1. Poor housing, lack of ventilation, overcrowding
  2. Change in technology, new machines, less farm workers needed
  3. Potato famine, relied on potato diet, mass starvation
  4. Help from landlords, wanting to reduce no. of people on their land, given funding - affordable and accessible
• 9 Marker: To what extent were Lithuanian immigrants the greatest impact on the Scottish economy?

  • Lithuanians: Worked in coal mines & contributing to the Industrial Revolution. Positively impacted the growing iron and steel industries.
  • Irish: Helped grow railway industries, roads and canals. Experience in shipbuilding, helped this industry grow.
  • Italians: Brought new jobs, cafes, restaurants & ice-cream shops. Barber and hairdressing business
• Explain: Explain the reasons 3 different individual Scots who had a good impact on the new country they moved to.

  • Andrew Carnegie: Emigrated to the USA, worked for Pennsylvania Railroad Company. Became the richest man in the world, gave money to good causes.
  • John Muir: Emigrated to the USA, founder of the Conservation movement. Help with mental health and fitness.
  • Andrew Fisher: Became the Prime Minister of Australia. Served for 3 terms (1908 - 1915)
• How fully: How fully does Source _ describe why Scots were successful abroad.

  Recall:

  1. Scots were well educated, had great skills for other countries.
  2. Scots had a strong work ethic.
  3. Scots could make good connections from being able to speak English.
  4. Skilled, practical workers from an agricultural or engineering background.