waves

• What do waves transfer

  • waves transfers energy and not matter
• What is amplitude

  • the maximum disolacement if a wave from it's unrested position
  • measured in meters
• what is wavlenegth

  • the distance from one point of the wave to the next same point on the wave
  • wavlength is from peak to peak
• What is frequency

  • the number of waves passing a point per second
  • frequency is measured in hertz
• What is a time period

  • the time taken for a single wave to pass a point
• What is a transverse wave

  • waves that transfer perpendicular to their direction of energy transfer
  • move inside solids but not liquids or gases
  • highest point is the peak,lowest point is the trough
  • represented as one continuous line
• Examples of transverse waves

  • ripples
  • s waves
  • transverse waves
• What are longitudinal waves

  • waves that travel perpendiculare to the direction of energy transfer
  • can move in solid liquids and gases
  • cant move in space due to no particles
  • close together mean compressions far away are called refractions
• examples of longituidinal

  • sound waves
  • p waves
• What is wave speed

  • the distance travelled by a wave each second
• Two equations for wave speed

  wave speed = distance/ time

  wave speed = frequency x wavelength
• How can you measure wave speed (between two points

  • distance between two people
  • makes a sound with blocks
  • stopwatch to listen to when object is heard/seen
  • repeat multiple times and take a average
  • speed/ distance time
  • if an echo multiply by 2
• How to calculate depth

  speed = distance/ time

  distanxce = speed x time / 2
• reflection

  when a wave passes through a two media but doesn't pass through and stays in the original media

  • examples of a relfection are echos
  • flat surfaces = most reflective
  • rough = least
  • opaque relfection light not absorbed
• Refraction

  • light passes a boundary between two transmission media
  • rays undergo a change in direction
  • less dense to more dense (air to glass) bends towards normal
  • dense to less dense (glass to air ) bends away from the normal
• Why does the direction change from less dense to more dense

  • rays slow down if more dense to less dense
  • bend towards the normal
  • if less dense to more dense rays speed up and bend away from normal
• Wave inerasctions

  materials react with waves based on wavlenegth

  can be reflected refracted transmitted or absorbed
• what is transmission

  • a wave passes through a substance
  • for light waves more transparent = more wave
  • transmission wave must pass through and emerge
  • waves may have lower amplitude due to absorbtion
• Absorbtion

  • energy is passed through a wave into particles of a substance
  • if an object appears red it means only red has been reflected and everything else has been absorbed