metal oxides and hydroxides

• whenever these react with an acid, they will produce a salt + water. exothermic reaction
• the negative ions and positive ions combine from the base to form a salt and water
• you have to balance the formula at the end
• however, when a metal carbonate ( CO3) is reacted with acid, carbon dioxide is also formed with salt and water
• to make a soluble salt, we have to react an acid with an insoluble base
• metal and acids. metal + acid -> salt + hydrogen
• example - magnesium + hydrochloric acid - magnesium chloride + hydrogen
• example. - calcium + sulfuric acid -calcium sulfate + hydrogen
• strong acids - HCL - hydrochloric acid . H2SO4 - sulfuric acid. HNO3 - nitric acid
• common alkalis - NaOH- sodium hydroxide . KOH - potassium hydroxide. LiOH- lithium hydroxide
• OH-(aq)+ H+(aq) -> H2O (l)
• weak acids

  ethanoic acid

  carbonic acid

  citric acid
• when HCL is added to water, the H+ ions will dissociate and ionise completely. equation for this is HCL - > H﹢+ Cl -.
• for sulfuric acid, hydrogen released will be wrote at 2H﹢, because sulfuric acid is H2SO4. Double the hydrogen atoms