Kine 1020 Fall Term

• Physical fitness is the ability to perform muscular work satisfactorily. It is determined by the level of several attributes which are influenced by acidity such as cardiovascular-respiratory, endurance, flexibility, and body composition.  
• Health-related fitness is the component of fitness that allow you to do activities of daily living
• Performance related fitness is the components of fitness that enable optimal work or sport performance
• Western medicine only treats you when you are sick
• Wellness is the act of practicing healthy habits on a daily basis to attain better physical and mental health outcomes, so that instead of just surviving you are thriving.
• Being healthy is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease.
• Health = wealth
• Healthy cities have more bike lanes, walkable cities, safer towns, and Inexpensive food.
• Some issues with York are the food options, locked stadium, too many parking lots, pay only gym membership.
• Some examples of primary care include general Practitioners (GPs), community nurses, dentists, and more
• Tertiary Care involves highly specialized procedures and treatments that require advanced technology and expertise.
• Secondary Care includes hospitalization, surgery, diagnostic tests, and specialist consultations.
• Quaternary Care is the highest level of healthcare available, often involving experimental treatments and cutting-edge technologies.
• In the UK and Canada there is 1 primary care physician for every 50k person
• The pros of fully private health care are faster care, more options for procedures, choosing a doctor, better doctor-patient ratios, and more privacy.
• The cons of fully private health care are higher costs, less access to certain services, no government regulation on quality or cost, and unequal distribution of resources based on wealth.
• The pros of fully private health care are that it is more affordable and more convenient.
• The cons of fully public health care are that it is expensive and the government may not be able to provide enough health care.
• Health promotion is important as the government cant afford to have everyone eating a bad diet, smoking, and vaping.
• Good health is a major resource for social, economic and personal development.
• Evidence-based medicine (EBM) has the best research w/ clinical expertise, the use of current best evidence in making decisions about the care of individual patients and comes from peer-reviewed original published manuscripts/journals.
• Level 1 EVB: Evidence obtained from at least one properly designed randomized controlled trial and meta-analysis.
• Level 2 EVB: Evidence obtained from well-designed controlled trials but without randomized or well-designed cohort or case-control studies and meta-analysis.
• Level 3 EVB: Opinions of respected authorities, based on clinical experience, descriptive studies, or reports of expert committees.
• Complementary and Alternative Medicine  (CAM): Defined as a group of diverse medical and healthcare care systems, practices, and products that are not generally considered part of conventional (western) medicine. 80% of Canadians used some sort of CAM.
• Types of CAM

  • Massage
  • Chiropractor
  • Yoga
  • Acupuncture
  • Herbal medicine
• What are Natural Health Products?

  • Vitamins/minerals
  • Homeopathy
  • Herbal/plant remedies
  • Amino acids
  • Probiotics

   
• Health Canada Register Numbers

  DIN - Drug Product

  NPN -  Natural Health Product, not hemopathy

  DIN-HM - Homeopathy

  EN - Registered but not fully assessed for safety, efficacy, and quality

  No # - haven't been registered or approved as a natural health product

   
• Garlic: Level III evidence - half to one clove (or equivalent) daily has a cholesterol-lowering effect of up to 9%.
• Aged garlic extract: Level lll evidence - 7.2g has anticlotting, as well as a modest reduction in blood pressure effects (an approximate 5.5% decrease in systolic blood pressure).
• Ginseng: Four studies suggest a benefit on glycemia if consumed chronically. None for improving circulation.
• Chamomile: Moderate antioxidant and antimicrobial activities, and significant antiplatelet activity in nitro. Helps with antiinflammation.
• Ginkgo: Is of questionable use for memory loss and tinnitus, but has some effect on dementia and intermittent claudication (pain and cramping in the legs).
• St. John's wort: Is efficacious for mild to moderate depression, but serious concerns exist about its interaction w/ several convectional drugs.
• Echinacea: Man be helpful in the treatment of prevention of upper respiratory tract infections, but trial data are not fully convincing.
• Kava: Is an efficacious short-term treatment for anxiety.
• Stress Axis: Stress activates the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis to eventually produce cortisol (a stress hormone).
• When is HPA normally activated?

  • During times of stress
  • Every morning when you wake up
  • When you are under stress
  • During intensive exercise
• Acute Stress: fight or flight

  • More alert
  • Increased hear rate, breathing and BP
  • Blood directs to muscles and away from DT, skin, and brain
  • Increased circulating glucose and stress hormones

   
• There are 45 essential nutrients to human life.