Abiotic Factors

• Density Dependent Limiting Factors - depends on population size
• Density Independent Limiting Factors - affect all populations in a similar way independent of population size.
• Density Dependent Limiting Factors

  Competition - more individuals use same quantity of resources.

  Predation - attracts predators, increases prey

  Disease & Parasites - results in death

  Waste Accumulation - kill, impair reproduction, reduce population growth
• Biochemical Oxygen Demand - represents amount of oxygen consumed by bacteria while they decompose organic matter under aerboic
• Fecal Coliform Bacteria - water is contaminated with fecal material
• Acidity PH - allows to judge if acidic, neutral or bar
• Dissolved Oxygen & Carbon Dioxide - DO, low level of oxygen in water is a sign that its polluted. Carbon dioxide, found in water as a dissolved gas for plant photosynthesis.
• Turbidity - how dark the water is
• Specific Conductance - capacity of water to conduct an electrical current
• Temperature - affects level of oxygen and ability to resist pollutants
• Hardness - amount of dissolved calcium & magnesium
• Air - 78% nitrogen, 21% air, 1% other gas
• Air Pollutants - carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, particulate matter, VOC
• Soil uses - 1) fertile and has fertile nutrients for plants 2) medicine 3) cosmetics 4) decomposition 4) pottery 6) used to build
• Soil pollutants - nitrates phosphates, potassium
• Types of Soil

  1. Clay
  2. Loam
  3. Peaty
  4. Saline
  5. Sandy
  6. Silty
• Types of soil pollutants

  1. Biological agents - manures
  2. Agricultural practices - commercial fertilizer
  3. Radioactive pollutants - radioactive substances
  4. Urban Waste
  5. Industrial Waste
• Contaminants of air -

  1. led
  2. mercury
  3. arsenic
  4. copper
  5. zinc
  6. pahs ( polyaromatic hydrocarbons
  7. herbicides/insectisides
• 1. Sunlight
  2. Water
  3. Air
  4. Humidity
  5. PH
  6. Temperature
  7. Salinity
  8. Precipitation
  9. Altitude
  10. Type of soil
  11. Minerals
  12. Dissolved Oxygen
  13. Minerals nutrients
  14. Tides
  15. Rain