Spanish friars vehemently prohibited the circulation of the novel in 1887 when Fray Salvador Font, chair of the censorship commission, outlawed the reading and possession of Rizal’s novel.
One staunch critic of the novel was the Spanish academic Vicente Barrantes who wrote several articles in Spanish newspapers ridiculing Rizal as a “man of contradictions.”
By the 1930s, Rizal’s Noli had several Spanish editions, translations into English, French, Japanese, and also into several languages in the Philippines including Tagalog, Waray, Iloko, and Bikol.
The Noli, in the end, is not just a literary piece; it is a political, historical, and socialscientifictreatise about the conditions in the Philippines during the late 19th century.