Living things are made up of organic molecules

Cards (21)

  • Living things are made up of organic molecules which contain nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids.
  • Triglycerides are formed by a reaction among three fatty acid molecules and one glycerol.
  • Lipids are insoluble molecules made of C, H, and O.
  • Phospholipids have hydrophobic tails and hydrophilic heads.
  • Enzymes are a type of protein, which function to speed up chemical reactions.
  • Carbohydrates include glycogen and cellulose.
  • Lipids store long-term energy, protect vital organs, form cell membranes, and are subdivided into triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids.
  • Polysaccharides are many monosaccharides joined together, store energy or provide structure, for example, starch.
  • Polymers are long chains made of repeating units called monomers, symbolized as 'poly' and 'mono'.
  • The four levels of protein structure are: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.
  • The four basic classes of organic molecules are: Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and Nucleic Acids.
  • Enzymes are proteins that have a general function and are responsible for catalyzing chemical reactions.
  • Carbohydrates supply energy to cells, are made up of C, H, and O, and their smallest unit is monosaccharides, for example, glucose.
  • Biological macromolecules are the giant molecules of life.
  • Disaccharides are two monosaccharides covalently bound to each other, for example, sucrose.
  • Properties of water are cohesive, high melting point, high boiling point, and high heat of vaporization
  • Water cohesive means water molecules stick together ( called stickiness )
  • Lipids do not have monomers
  • Saturated fats are solid at room temperature and contain one bond
  • Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature and contain one or more double bonds between the carbon atoms.
  • The functions of proteins are structural, transport, movement and chemical reactions