CBT

• ASSUMPTION APPLICATION

  aim = treat behavioural / emotional disorders, does this based on the computer analogy model

  most people think it's the situations they face (input) that cause their behaviour (output) > cognitive approach believes the faulty output is due to irrational / faulty processes

  aims to challenge these dysfunctional internal mental processes and restructure them into more realistic and positive ones
• ASSUMPTION APPLICATION

  • dysfunctional thought diary - gain insight into faulty mental processes + start to challenge them
  • cognitive restructuring - helps client challenge current processes and rebuild alternative ways of processing 'input'

  people with depression have a negative cognitive triad > set of irrationally negative schemas about themselves, world and future > through cognitive restructuring > challenged and rebuilt

  Pleasant Activity Scheduling - helps client see the world can be a source of enjoyments and help them build more positive schemas
• MAIN COMPONENTS - DYSFUNCTIONAL THOUGHT DIARY

  aim - help client gain insight into their dysfunctional thought processes + recognise patterns, help them start to consider alternative, more rational ways of thinking

  record negative thoughts and emotions they experience in response to events

  • record situation
  • first though and how much they believe it to be true
  • emotions
  • negative behaviour
  • alternative thought

  write alternative, more rational response to the same event
• MAIN COMPONENTS - COGNITIVE RESTRUCTURING

  helps patient identify + challenge irrational thinking

  helps them break down existing faulty thought processes (DTD) and help rebuild them with more rational and positive ones
• MAIN COMPONENTS - COGNITIVE RESTRUCTURING

  can be challenging if negative thoughts are fixed, and could require therapist to be forthright to dispute the thoughts

  > to achieve this, could use 'Empirical Disputation' - therapist challenges client to provide evidence to support irrational thoughts

  failing to back up the thoughts with evidence, helps the client to understand their thoughts aren't based in reality and accept the need to change

  taught new ways of thinking about situations and behavioural strategies to use to stop the automatic faulty thoughts kicking back in
• MAIN COMPONENTS - PLEASANT ACTIVITY SCHEDULING

  positive solution

  encouraged to plan 1 pleasant activity everyday > things that give them joy, distract from negative thoughts

  provide sense of accomplishment/break from routine/distraction

  should reinforce more positive view of the world and help build new positive schemas

  'behavioural activation' - help client gradually change behaviour

  by taking steps towards more positive experiences and solutions > moves client away from faulty / negative thinking and behaviour