4.2.2.1 Reactions of acids with bases (metal oxides and hydr

• What is a base?

  A substance that neutralizes an acid
• What indicates a variable charge in metal oxides?

  Roman numerals in parentheses
• What is the name of $Na_{2}O$?


  Sodium Oxide
• What is the name of $CuO$?


  Copper(II) Oxide
• What is the charge of copper in copper(II) oxide?

  +2
• What indicates a variable charge in metal hydroxides?

  Roman numerals in parentheses
• How are metal hydroxides named?

  Use the metal's name followed by "hydroxide."
• How are metal oxides named?

  Use the metal's name followed by "oxide."
• What is the general equation for a metal hydroxide reacting with an acid?

  $Metal\ Hydroxide +$$Acid \rightarrow Salt +$$H_{2}O$
• What is formed when copper(II) oxide reacts with sulfuric acid?

  Copper(II) sulfate and water
• What is the name of $Fe_{2}O_{3}$?


  Iron(III) Oxide
• How many hydrogen atoms are in the unbalanced equation $H_{2} +$$O_{2} \rightarrow H_{2}O$?


  2 hydrogen atoms
• What is the charge of iron in iron(III) oxide?

  +3
• What is the unbalanced equation for the reaction of hydrogen and oxygen?

  $H_{2} +$$O_{2} \rightarrow H_{2}O$
• What is the charge of sodium in sodium hydroxide?

  +1
• What is the name of $NaOH$?


  Sodium Hydroxide
• What is the charge of copper in copper(II) hydroxide?

  +2
• What type of salts does sulfuric acid produce?

  Sulfate salts
• Why is potassium hydroxide represented as $KOH$?


  Because Potassium has a +1 charge
• What do metal hydroxides contain?

  A metal and hydroxide (OH-) ions
• What type of salts does nitric acid produce?

  Nitrate salts
• What is the charge of iron in iron(III) hydroxide?

  +3
• What salt is formed when zinc oxide reacts with hydrochloric acid?

  Zinc chloride
• What type of salts does hydrochloric acid produce?

  Chloride salts
• What is the chemical formula for magnesium oxide?

  MgO
• What is the name of $Fe(OH)_{3}$?


  Iron(III) Hydroxide
• How do we indicate the charge of metals with multiple charges in salt names?

  Using Roman numerals in parentheses
• Why is balancing chemical equations important?

  It ensures equal atom numbers on both sides
• What do metal oxides contain?

  A metal and oxygen
• What are the characteristics that differentiate acids and bases?

  • Acid:
  • pH value: Less than 7
  • Taste: Sour
  • Reaction with metals: Reacts to form hydrogen gas
  • Base:
  • pH value: Greater than 7
  • Taste: Bitter
  • Reaction with metals: Does not react
• What does the law of conservation of mass state?

  Matter cannot be created or destroyed
• What are common types of bases?

  Metal oxides and metal hydroxides
• What is the name of the first acid listed in the image?

  Hydrochloric Acid
• What do metal oxides and metal hydroxides produce when they react with acids?

  Salt and water
• What are the naming conventions for metal oxides and hydroxides with variable charges?

  • Use the metal's name followed by "oxide" or "hydroxide"
  • Indicate variable charge with Roman numerals in parentheses
• What are the steps to balance a chemical equation?

  1. Write the unbalanced equation
  2. Count atoms for each element on both sides
  3. Use coefficients to balance atoms
  4. Check that the equation is balanced
• What is the balanced chemical equation for the reaction of copper(II) oxide with sulfuric acid?

  $CuO +$$H_{2}SO_{4} \rightarrow CuSO_{4} +$$H_{2}O$
• What are the differences between naming metal oxides and hydroxides?

  • Metal oxides: "oxide" suffix
  • Metal hydroxides: "hydroxide" suffix
  • Both use Roman numerals for variable charges
• What is the name of the product formed when Hydrochloric Acid reacts with water?

  Metal Chloride and Water
• How do we name salts produced from acid reactions?

  Use the metal's name and anion name