Behavioral Neurobiology - Neuroanatomy List

• Hypoglossal Nerve (XII)


  Controls muscles of tongue

  
• spinal accessory nerve (XI)


  Trapezius

  
• vagus nerve (X)


  digestive organs, heart and other areas

  
• glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)


  a cranial nerve that manages both sensory and motor functions in the throat

  
• vestibulocochlear nerve (VIII)


  hearing and balance

  
• Facial Nerve (VII)


  tear, nasal, and salivary glands

  
• Abducens Nerve (VI)


  Motor: lateral eye movement

  
• Trigeminal Nerve (V)


  cranial nerve

  
• Trochlear Nerve (IV)


  eye movement (motor)

  
• Oculomotor Nerve (III)


  eye movement

  
• optic tract


  How information from the optic nerve travels to the thalamus.

  
• optic chiasm


  the point in the brain where the visual field information from each eye "crosses over" to the appropriate side of the brain for processing

  
• Optic Nerve (II)


  sensory, vision

  
• olfactory tracts


  a bundle of axons connecting the cells of the olfactory bulb to several target regions in the brain.

  
• olfactory bulbs


  areas of the brain located just above the sinus cavity and just below the frontal lobes that receive information from the olfactory receptor cells

  
• Sylvian (or lateral) fissure


  separates temporal lobe from frontal and parietal

  
• longitudinal (or interhemispheric) fissure


  A deep indentation found along the medial plane that separates the right and left cerebral hemispheres is called the

  
• inferior temporal sulcus


  separates middle and inferior temporal gyri

  
• superior temporal sulcus


  The most superior sulcus in the temporal lobe, situated just below the superior temporal gyrus

  
• inferior temporal gyrus


  the temporal lobe gyrus that is located just inferior to the middle temporal gyrus

  
• middle temporal gyrus


  the temporal lobe gyrus that is located between the superior and inferior temporal gyri

  
• superior temporal gyrus


  the large gyrus of the temporal lobe adjacent to the lateral fissure; the location of auditory cortex

  
• postcentral gyrus


  the strip of parietal cortex, just behind the central sulcus, that receives somatosensory information from the entire body

  
• precentral gyrus


  the strip of frontal cortex, just in front of the central sulcus, that is crucial for motor control

  
• central sulcus


  separates frontal and parietal lobes

  
• insula


  regions of cortex located at the junction of the frontal and temporal lobes

  
• temporal lobe


  A region of the cerebral cortex responsible for hearing and language.

  
• occipital lobe


  A region of the cerebral cortex that processes visual information

  
• parietal lobe


  A region of the cerebral cortex whose functions include processing information about touch.

  
• frontal lobe


  A region of the cerebral cortex that has specialized areas for movement, abstract thinking, planning, memory, and judgement

  
• globus pallidus


  Part of the basal ganglia that connects to the thalamus which relays information to the motor areas and the prefrontal cortex

  
• Putamen


  one of the basal ganglia

  
• caudate nucleus


  one of the major nuclei that make up the basal ganglia

  
• Hippocampus


  a neural center located in the limbic system; helps process explicit memories for storage

  
• Massa intermedia (Interthalamic adhesion)


  the connection between the right and left thalamic nuclei

  
• central canal


  A tiny channel found within the spinal cord and inferior medulla oblongata

  
• fourth ventricle


  the ventricle located between the cerebellum and the dorsal pons, in the center of the metencephalon

  
• cerebral aqueduct


  connects the third and fourth ventricles

  
• third ventricle


  The midline ventricle that conducts cerebrospinal fluid from the lateral ventricles to the fourth ventricle.

  
• inferior (or temporal) horns of the lateral ventricles