Organic chemistry

• Esters are a type of organic compound known as triglycerides.
• Although we can show molecules bent into various conformations, if the atoms are joined together in the same way, the molecules are not isomers.
• Butane and 2-methylpropane are the structural isomers of CAS 25Hz.
• These are not isomers, they're both pentane.
• Somers of CoH14 functional group are somers with different functional groups.
• If a molecule in which only cc bonds are present, there is fairly free rotation around the single bond.
• The reaction of athene with hydrogen bromide results in the overall equation:
• Catenation is a property of carbon atoms allowing them to join together to form chains and rings.
• Organic chemistry is the study of carbon compounds, specifically compounds with C-H bonds.
• Alkanes are a family of hydrocarbons.
• Hydrocarbon is a compound containing only carbon and hydrogen.
• Empirical formula is the simplest whole number ratio of the elements present in a compound.
• The overall equation for the reaction of interhalogen compounds with bromine is: HCX + Br → non-polar HBr.
• Although bromine molecules are not polar, as one approaches the high a density in the C double bond it becomes polarized, with an induced dipole at the Br atom closest to the CC bond having a slight positive charge, and the Br atom further away having a slight negative charge.
• The reaction of interhalogen compounds with bromine results in 10.3-types of organic reactions (HL).
• Markovnikov's rule can also be used to explain the products obtained when interhalogen compounds react with propens or other unsymmetrical alkenes.
• Electrophilic substitution reactions involve the replacement of a hydrogen atom by an electron-withdrawing group.
• In the less electronegative halogen atom, it behaves like hydrogen and, in the major product, becomes attached to the carbon atom that has more hydrogen atoms attached.
• The more alkyl groups there are attached to carbon, the more stable the carbocation.
• The mechanism of the reaction of interhalogen compounds with bromine involves a stepwise process: H + H, H * H- - Br, H- - Br #.
• The structure of benzene can be described as a resonance hybrid with equal contributions from the two structures.
• Molecular formula is the total number of atoms of each element present in a molecule of the compound.
• A molecular formula is an integer multiple of the empirical formula.
• Unsaturated compounds contain c=c or (EC bonds, while saturated compounds only contain -c bonds.
• Alkenes undergo addition reactions to form a covalent bond with a pair of electrons.
• The general reaction for the addition of an alkyl group to a molecule X-Y is: X-Y + R → XR, where R is an alkyl group.
• The mechanism for the reaction of ethane with bromine is: Brz + H2Br → CH2CH2 + Br.
• Alkenes and hydrogen react when heated in the presence of a catalyst, a process called hydrogenation.
• The reaction of an allene and iodine is very slow at room temperature.
• The double bond in alkenes represents a region of high electron density, and therefore it attracts electrophiles.
• Alkenes are more reactive than alkanes for two reasons: the double bond is not twice as strong as the single bond, and the reactions of alkenes usually involve the C-C bond breaking to form a c-c bond.
• The reaction of ethane with bromine involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps.
• Alkenes react with halogens at room temperature.
• Alkanes are non-polar molecules with only London forces between them, are volatile, insoluble in water, and are saturated and unsaturated compounds.
• Alkanes react with bromine in a similar way to methane and ethane.
• A condensed structural formula is the simplest representation that shows how the atoms are joined together in a molecule.
• Butane (CHeCHeCHeCHe) is a condensed structural formula for butane.
• Be is an unambiguous representation of the structure of the molecule.
• Solvation by the protic solvent makes the nucleophile less effective.
• Sul reactions are favored by protic, polar solvents.