The researchers developed two tasks to examine impulse control - one with 'cool' stimuli and one with 'hot' stimuli.
Since marshmallows and cookies are unlikely to be as rewarding to adults as they are to children, the researchers used the social cues of faces with emotional expressions (ranging from happy to neutral faces).
The faces were selected from the NimStim set of facial expressions.
exp 1. tested participants using a pre-programmed laptop sent to participants' home.
exp 2. involved the use of an fMRI scanner to asses brain activity.
(An fMRI scanner is a medical imaging device that measures and maps the brain's activity by detecting changes in blood flow.)