Lecture 1/17

• Volume

  Liter
• Mass

  Gram
• Length

  Meter
• Temperature

  Celsius
• Enzymes are quantified using

  International Units
• Tera

  10^12
• Giga

  10^9
• Mega

  10^6
• Kilo

  10^3
• Hecto

  10^2
• deca

  10
• deci

  10^-1
• centi

  10^-2
• milli

  10^-3
• micro

  10^-6
• nano

  10^-9
• pico

  10^-12
• femto

  10^-15
• Solution is defined as the solute and solvent.
• Normality is defined as the number of replaceable hydrogen ions in a solute.
• In Clinical Chemistry, the solute is the analyte.
• The solvent in plasma is water.
• A solution is defined as the solute and solvent.
• Osmolality can be used to measure concentration of blood plasma and urine; also measures osmolality.
• Freezing point depression is the phenomenon where a solute with a lower freezing point can lower the freezing point of a solvent with a higher freezing point.
• osmotic pressure will only push water so far before gravity overpowers it and pushes water back to the more concentrated side - this concept is called hydrostatic pressure
• Osmotic pressure is the pressure at which water will move to a more concentrated side.
• Common buffers include carbonic acid bicarbonate buffer (in body); phosphate buffers.
• Common dessicants include silica gel, calcium chloride.
• Hygroscopic is a chemical that absorbs water from atmosphere.
• Hydrate is a compound with water in its crystal form.
• Anhydrate is a compound in which water has been removed.
• Water is the most commonly used substance in the lab.
• Filtered medium allows water to go through, not impurities; will not remove dissolved substances.
• In filtration, what determines what impurities get through is pore size.
• Pure water is completely resistant to electricity (no conduction of electrons).