2.6 Gravitational Force

• The gravitational force is directly proportional to the distance between masses.

  False
• The gravitational force is the weakest of the fundamental forces
• What does Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation state?

  Every particle attracts every other
• The value of the gravitational constant (G) is $6.674 \times 10^{ - 11}$
• What is the gravitational force between two 70 kg people standing 1 meter apart?

  $3.27 \times 10^{ - 7} \, N$
• Two people, each with a mass of 70 kg, are standing 1 meter apart. The gravitational force between them is approximately 3.27 N.
• The gravitational constant, G, is approximately 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N m²/kg².
• What is the unit of gravitational force in Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?

  Newtons (N)
• What fundamental physical quantity does the gravitational constant (G) determine?

  Gravitational force strength
• Match the variable in Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation with its definition:

  F ↔️ Gravitational force

  G ↔️ Gravitational constant

  m₁ ↔️ Mass of object 1

  r ↔️ Distance between objects
• Gravitational force is the weakest of the fundamental forces but has an infinite range.
• The strength of the gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance
• Match the fundamental force with its strength and range:

  Gravitational ↔️ Weakest, Infinite

  Strong Nuclear ↔️ Strongest, Very short

  Weak Nuclear ↔️ Weaker than strong nuclear, Short
• What is the definition of gravitational force?

  Fundamental attractive force
• Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation states that every particle attracts every other particle with a force directly proportional to the product of their masses
• Match the variable in Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation with its definition and units:

  F ↔️ Gravitational force, Newtons

  G ↔️ Gravitational constant, $N \cdot m^{2} / kg^{2}$

  m₁ ↔️ Mass of object 1, Kilograms
• What is the gravitational constant (G)?

  Fundamental physical constant
• The value of the gravitational constant G is approximately $6.674 \times 10^{ - 11}$
• What is the formula for gravitational force according to Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?

  $F =$$G \frac{m_{1} m_{2}}{r^{2}}$
• The gravitational constant (G) has units of $N \cdot m^{2} / kg^{2}$


  True
• The distance between two objects in the gravitational force formula is measured in meters
• What is the approximate gravitational force between two 70 kg people standing 1 meter apart?

  $3.27 \times 10^{ - 7} \, N$
• What is the gravitational force between two 70 kg people standing 1 meter apart, calculated using Newton's Law?

  $3.27 \times 10^{ - 7} \, N$
• What is the approximate gravitational force between Earth and a 75 kg astronaut at the Earth's surface?

  $735 \, N$
• What is the value of the gravitational constant (G) in Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?

  $6.674 \times 10^{ - 11} \, N \cdot m^{2} / kg^{2}$
• What is gravitational force defined as?

  Attractive force between masses
• Over what range does the gravitational force act?

  Infinite range
• The formula for Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation is $F =$$G \frac{m₁ m₂}{r}$


  False
• What is the unit for distance in Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?

  Meters
• Match the variable in Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation with its definition:

  F ↔️ Gravitational force

  G ↔️ Gravitational constant

  m₁ ↔️ Mass of object 1

  r ↔️ Distance between objects
• Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation states that every particle attracts every other particle with a force proportional to the product of their masses.


  True
• In Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, 'r' represents the distance between the centers of two objects.


  True
• Steps to calculate gravitational force using Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

  1️⃣ Identify the masses of the objects

  2️⃣ Identify the distance between the objects

  3️⃣ Plug the values into the formula

  4️⃣ Calculate the gravitational force
• The gravitational constant (G) has a value of approximately 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N m²/kg².
• Gravitational force is one of the four fundamental forces in the universe.


  True
• What are the two factors that determine the strength of the gravitational force?

  Mass and distance
• The gravitational force is the weakest of the fundamental forces.


  True
• The gravitational force has an infinite range
• The gravitational force is proportional to the product of the masses of the objects.


  True
• What is the formula for Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?

  $F =$$G \frac{m_{1} m_{2}}{r^{2}}$