6.3.2 Amino acids

• What are amino acids the building blocks of?

  Proteins
• The general structure of amino acids includes a central carbon atom.
• Match the functional group with its role in amino acids:

  Amino Group ↔️ Provides basic properties

  Carboxylic Acid Group ↔️ Provides acidic properties

  R-Group ↔️ Defines identity and properties
• What property classifies amino acids into different categories?

  R-group properties
• Nonpolar amino acids are hydrophobic.
• The R-group of alanine is -CH₃.


  True
• Glycine is the smallest amino acid because its R-group is -H.
• The R-group determines the chemical behavior of each amino acid.

  True
• What is the R-group in glycine?

  -H
• The R-group in alanine is -CH₃.
• Match the property of amino acids with the corresponding R-group type:

  Nonpolar ↔️ Hydrophobic

  Polar ↔️ Hydrophilic

  Charged ↔️ Positive or Negative
• Give an example of an amino acid with a charged R-group.

  Lysine or Glutamic acid
• Nonpolar amino acids are typically found on the surface of proteins.

  False
• Classify amino acids based on their R-group properties:

  1️⃣ Nonpolar

  2️⃣ Polar

  3️⃣ Charged
• Which type of bond do polar amino acids commonly form?

  Hydrogen bonds
• What charge does the R-group of lysine have?

  Positive
• What charge does the R-group of glutamic acid have?

  Negative
• What is the chemical formula of glycine?

  C₂H₅NO₂
• The amino group in amino acids provides basic properties
• Match the amino acid with its R-group and chemical formula:

  Glycine ↔️ -H and C₂H₅NO₂

  Alanine ↔️ -CH₃ and C₃H₇NO₂
• Alanine has a methyl group as its R-group
• The properties of amino acids are determined by the characteristics of their R-groups
• Arrange the following amino acids based on their R-group properties in order from nonpolar to polar to charged:

  1️⃣ Valine

  2️⃣ Threonine

  3️⃣ Lysine
• Match the category of amino acids with their properties and examples:

  Nonpolar ↔️ Hydrophobic, Glycine

  Polar ↔️ Hydrophilic, Serine

  Charged ↔️ Acidic, Glutamic acid
• The R-group determines the polarity, charge, and interactions of each amino acid.


  True
• Polar amino acids with hydrophilic R-groups are often found on the surface of proteins.


  True
• The formation of peptide bonds is a key step in the synthesis of proteins
• The R-group of an amino acid determines its chemical behavior.


  True
• Glycine is the smallest amino acid with a -H
• The R-group determines an amino acid's polarity and charge.

  True
• Match the property with the type of R-group:

  Polarity ↔️ Polar

  Charge ↔️ Charged
• Amino acids are classified based on the properties of their R-groups
• Charged amino acids can form ionic bonds
• Nonpolar amino acids tend to be buried within the interior of proteins
• The peptide bond is formed through a condensation reaction
• Amino acids are essential for the growth, repair, and maintenance of the body.

  True