5.3.7 Infertility Treatments

• Infertility can occur only in females.

  False
• What is an example of a genetic disorder that can cause infertility in males?

  Low sperm count
• What is an example of a condition that can cause infertility in females?

  Polycystic ovary syndrome
• In vitro fertilization (IVF) involves fertilizing eggs outside the body and then implanting them into the uterus
• Medication can be used to stimulate ovulation or improve sperm quality in fertility treatments.


  True
• How are eggs retrieved from the ovaries during IVF?

  Minor surgical procedure
• IVF is a complex and expensive procedure with no guarantee of success
• In artificial insemination (AI), sperm is directly inserted into the uterus
• Steps in the IVF process

  1️⃣ Stimulate the ovaries to produce mature eggs

  2️⃣ Retrieve the eggs from the ovaries

  3️⃣ Fertilize the eggs with sperm in a lab

  4️⃣ Transfer one or more embryos into the uterus
• In vitro fertilization (IVF) involves fertilizing eggs outside the body in a laboratory
• What is the purpose of medication in fertility treatments?

  Stimulate ovulation or sperm quality
• IVF is a guaranteed success for all couples with infertility.

  False
• In GIFT, unfertilized eggs and sperm are transferred to the fallopian
• Match the causes of infertility in males and females:

  Males ↔️ Low sperm count

  Females ↔️ PCOS
• What specific issues can IVF help overcome?

  Ovulation, egg, or sperm quality
• Fertility treatments address various causes of infertility in both males and females.

  True
• What is the primary purpose of fertility treatments?

  Help couples conceive
• In vitro fertilization (IVF) involves fertilizing eggs outside the body in a laboratory
• Match the fertility treatment with its description:

  IVF ↔️ Eggs fertilized in a lab

  AI ↔️ Sperm inserted directly into uterus

  Medication ↔️ Drugs stimulate ovulation
• Steps in the in vitro fertilization (IVF) process:

  1️⃣ Stimulation of the ovaries

  2️⃣ Retrieval of the eggs

  3️⃣ Fertilization of the eggs

  4️⃣ Transfer of embryos
• In gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT), fertilization occurs inside the fallopian tube
• What are zygotes in zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT)?

  Fertilized eggs
• What is a disadvantage of ZIFT compared to IVF?

  Requires laparoscopy
• IUI is a simpler and less invasive procedure than IVF.


  True
• What is a potential disadvantage of gonadotropin injections?

  Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome
• Clomiphene citrate is administered orally
• What is the definition of infertility in both males and females?

  Inability to conceive after one year
• In males, infertility is caused by issues with sperm production or sperm quality
• In females, infertility can be caused by problems with ovulation, egg quality, or fallopian tube blockage
• Fertility treatments address various causes of infertility in both males and females.


  True
• What is the primary goal of artificial insemination (AI)?

  Enhance fertilization chances
• The first step in IVF is to stimulate the ovaries using fertility drugs
• In IVF, embryos are transferred into the woman's uterus to implant and develop.

  True
• What are the three main causes of infertility in females?

  Ovulation, egg quality, blockage
• In IVF, eggs are fertilized inside the woman's body.

  False
• Match the fertility treatment with its purpose:

  IVF ↔️ Overcome ovulation and sperm quality issues

  AI ↔️ Enhance fertilization chances

  Medication ↔️ Stimulate ovulation and improve sperm
• Artificial insemination (AI) involves inserting sperm directly into the uterus
• Steps in the IVF process

  1️⃣ Stimulation of the ovaries

  2️⃣ Retrieval of the eggs

  3️⃣ Fertilization of the eggs

  4️⃣ Transfer of embryos
• Match the characteristics of IVF and GIFT:

  IVF ↔️ Fertilization in a laboratory

  GIFT ↔️ Fertilization in the fallopian tube
• Infertility is defined as the inability to conceive after 1 year of regular, unprotected sexual intercourse.


  True