6.3 Poverty

• Poverty can be broadly categorized into two main types: absolute and relative
• What does the individual perspective on poverty emphasize?

  Personal circumstances
• What is one indicator used to measure poverty levels?

  Income-based poverty line
• What does the Relative Poverty Rate measure in the UK?

  Below 60% of median income
• Arrange the following patterns of poverty according to their description:

  1️⃣ Geographic Distribution

  2️⃣ Demographic Distribution

  3️⃣ Employment Status
• What is one example of an individual factor that can cause poverty?

  Job loss
• What are the three categories of factors that can cause poverty according to the study material?

  Individual, structural, cultural
• Inequality, as a structural factor of poverty, refers to the unequal distribution of wealth, resources, and opportunities
• What is an example of a cultural factor that can perpetuate poverty?

  Limited access to education
• Match the type of poverty with its definition:

  Absolute Poverty ↔️ Lack of access to basic necessities

  Relative Poverty ↔️ Deprivation compared to average living
• An income-based poverty line measures the proportion of people living below a defined income threshold
• Poverty is evenly distributed across all geographic regions.

  False
• Structural inequalities can trap people in poverty regardless of their individual efforts
• Poverty reduces economic productivity and labor force participation.

  True
• In some cultures, limited education for women increases their vulnerability to poverty
• What is one social consequence of poverty related to health?

  Poor health outcomes
• What does poverty refer to in sociological terms?

  Lack of necessary resources
• Match the type of poverty with its definition:

  Absolute Poverty ↔️ Lack of basic necessities

  Relative Poverty ↔️ Deprivation compared to local standards
• Poverty can be caused by cultural norms and values.


  True
• The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) considers deprivations in health, education, and living standards
• Household surveys are used to collect data on income and expenditure.


  True
• Match the type of poverty distribution with its characteristic:

  Geographic Distribution ↔️ Concentration in specific regions

  Demographic Distribution ↔️ Disproportionate effects on certain groups
• Structural inequality refers to the unequal distribution of wealth, resources, and opportunities
• Structural inequalities within society can trap people in poverty regardless of their individual efforts.

  True
• Poverty refers to the condition where individuals lack the resources necessary to meet their basic needs
• What does the individual perspective on poverty focus on?

  Personal circumstances
• Steps for data collection to measure poverty

  1️⃣ Conduct household surveys

  2️⃣ Analyze census data

  3️⃣ Review administrative records
• What are three factors that can influence poverty trends over time?

  Economic growth, government policies, social changes
• What is a social consequence of poverty mentioned in the study material?

  Increased crime rates
• What can trap people in poverty regardless of individual efforts?

  Structural inequalities
• The multifaceted nature of poverty requires a comprehensive approach to address it.


  True
• Poverty can lead to reduced economic productivity and workforce participation
• What is the purpose of Social Security as a government policy for poverty alleviation?

  Financial assistance
• Government policies for poverty alleviation address individual, structural, and cultural causes.


  True
• Relative poverty is deprivation compared to the average standard of living
• Household surveys are used to collect data on poverty.


  True
• Certain groups, such as children and ethnic minorities, are disproportionately affected by poverty
• Inequality is a structural factor that refers to the unequal distribution of wealth and opportunities
• Increased healthcare costs are an economic consequence of poverty.


  True
• Unemployment benefits stabilize incomes and support labor market participation