5.3.5 The Menstrual Cycle

• The menstrual cycle prepares the uterus for pregnancy
• Match the phases of the menstrual cycle with their key events:

  Menstrual ↔️ Shedding of the uterine lining

  Follicular ↔️ Maturation of an egg in the ovary

  Ovulation ↔️ Release of the mature egg

  Luteal ↔️ Preparation of the uterine lining for pregnancy
• Ovulation typically occurs around day 14 of the menstrual cycle.


  True
• Arrange the phases of the menstrual cycle in chronological order:

  1️⃣ Menstrual

  2️⃣ Follicular

  3️⃣ Ovulation

  4️⃣ Luteal
• The luteal phase occurs after ovulation and prepares the uterine lining for pregnancy.

  True
• LH triggers ovulation by causing the release of the mature egg from the ovary
• During the ovulation phase, LH levels reach their peak
• The menstrual cycle prepares the uterus for pregnancy
• The menstrual cycle prepares the uterus for the implantation of a fertilized egg
• Arrange the phases of the menstrual cycle in the correct order:

  1️⃣ Menstrual phase

  2️⃣ Follicular phase

  3️⃣ Ovulation

  4️⃣ Luteal phase
• FSH stimulates the maturation of egg follicles
• Which hormone promotes the thickening of the uterine lining during the follicular phase?

  Estrogen
• What happens to estrogen levels during ovulation?

  They peak
• The pituitary gland secretes FSH and LH to stimulate the ovaries.


  True
• LH triggers ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum
• FSH stimulates the maturation of egg follicles and the production of estrogen
• Ovarian hormones provide negative feedback to the hypothalamus and pituitary gland to regulate the release of FSH, LH, and GnRH
• GnRH stimulates the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH.


  True
• What does LH trigger in the ovaries?

  Ovulation
• Rising estrogen levels during the follicular phase reduce FSH and LH secretion.


  True
• GnRH, secreted by the hypothalamus, stimulates the pituitary gland to release FSH and LH.
• The hormonal feedback mechanism of the menstrual cycle ensures it is tightly regulated and synchronized
• The follicular phase occurs from days 6 to 14 of the menstrual cycle.


  True
• Around which day of the menstrual cycle does ovulation typically occur?

  Day 14
• The menstrual phase occurs on days 1-5 of the cycle and involves the shedding of the uterine lining.


  True
• During the follicular phase, the uterine lining begins to thicken
• The menstrual cycle prepares the uterus for implantation
• The follicular phase is characterized by the maturation of an egg in the ovary
• Match the hormones with their roles in the menstrual cycle:

  FSH ↔️ Stimulates egg follicle maturation

  LH ↔️ Triggers ovulation

  Estrogen ↔️ Thickens uterine lining

  Progesterone ↔️ Maintains thickened uterine lining
• Progesterone maintains the thickened uterine lining during the luteal phase to prepare for implantation.


  True
• Progesterone levels increase during the luteal phase to prepare the uterine lining for potential pregnancy.

  True
• What is the purpose of the menstrual cycle?

  Prepare for pregnancy
• The menstrual cycle lasts approximately 28 days


  True
• Match the phase of the menstrual cycle with its key event:

  Menstrual phase ↔️ Uterine lining sheds

  Follicular phase ↔️ Egg matures in ovary

  Ovulation ↔️ Mature egg released

  Luteal phase ↔️ Uterine lining thickens
• LH triggers ovulation by causing the release of a mature egg from the ovary.

  True
• Progesterone maintains the thickened uterine lining during the luteal phase
• Match the hormone with its dominant level during each phase:

  Follicular phase ↔️ FSH and Estrogen

  Ovulation ↔️ LH and FSH

  Luteal phase ↔️ Progesterone
• Which two hormones are produced by the ovaries?

  Estrogen and progesterone
• Estrogen and progesterone provide negative feedback to the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.


  True
• LH triggers ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum.


  True