5.4.2 Osmoregulation

• What is osmoregulation?

  Maintaining water balance
• Arrange the processes involved in maintaining water balance in osmoregulation.

  1️⃣ Water intake

  2️⃣ Water loss

  3️⃣ Solute concentration
• The kidneys manage solute concentration by adjusting levels of electrolytes
• Where does filtration occur in the kidneys?

  Glomerulus
• Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) increases water reabsorption in the DCT and collecting duct
• ADH reduces urine volume
• Match the nephron structure with its function:

  Glomerulus ↔️ Filters blood

  PCT ↔️ Reabsorbs nutrients
• The glomerulus creates a filtrate of water, solutes, and waste
• Which part of the nephron concentrates urine through countercurrent exchange?

  Loop of Henle
• What hormone reduces urine volume by increasing water reabsorption in the DCT and collecting duct?

  ADH
• Match the nephron structure with its function:

  Glomerulus ↔️ Filters blood

  Loop of Henle ↔️ Concentrates urine
• Osmoregulation ensures a stable internal environment by controlling water and solute concentrations.


  True
• Which organs are key in maintaining homeostasis through osmoregulation?

  Kidneys
• Filtration in the glomerulus creates a filtrate
• Match the kidney structure with its function:

  Glomerulus ↔️ Creates filtrate

  Collecting Duct ↔️ Adjusts urine water content
• Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the DCT and collecting duct?

  ADH
• What is the first step in urine formation?

  Filtration
• What hormone is primarily involved in regulating blood water levels?

  ADH
• Blood water levels are primarily managed by the kidneys and the hormone ADH
• What are the two main hormones involved in osmoregulation?

  ADH and Aldosterone
• ADH targets the distal convoluted tubules (DCT) and collecting ducts to increase water absorption back into the bloodstream
• Osmoregulation maintains a stable internal environment by controlling water and solute concentrations.

  True
• Solute concentration in the body is managed by the kidneys
• What is the primary organ responsible for osmoregulation?

  Kidney
• Match the kidney structure with its function:

  Glomerulus ↔️ Filters blood to create filtrate

  PCT ↔️ Reabsorbs essential nutrients

  Loop of Henle ↔️ Concentrates urine

  DCT ↔️ Further regulates electrolytes

  Collecting Duct ↔️ Adjusts urine water content
• The final urine, containing waste products, is collected in the collecting duct
• ADH increases water reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct.


  True
• Which hormone increases water reabsorption in the DCT and collecting duct?

  Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
• Steps in urine formation

  1️⃣ Filtration in the glomerulus

  2️⃣ Reabsorption in the PCT, Loop of Henle, and DCT

  3️⃣ Secretion in the PCT and DCT

  4️⃣ Collection of urine in the collecting duct
• The Loop of Henle is responsible for concentrating urine
• Match the nephron structure with its function:

  Glomerulus ↔️ Filters blood

  PCT ↔️ Reabsorbs essential nutrients

  Loop of Henle ↔️ Concentrates urine
• The final urine is collected in the collecting duct.
• Water balance is crucial for homeostasis because body fluids need a stable concentration of water and solutes
• The kidneys are the primary organs responsible for managing water balance in osmoregulation.

  True
• Arrange the three main mechanisms of osmoregulation by the kidneys.

  1️⃣ Filtration

  2️⃣ Reabsorption

  3️⃣ Secretion
• Nephrons are the functional units of the kidneys responsible for osmoregulation.


  True
• What hormone increases water reabsorption in the DCT and collecting duct?

  ADH
• Aldosterone increases sodium and water reabsorption to regulate electrolyte balance.

  True
• What are the functional units of the kidneys called?

  Nephrons
• Bowman's capsule collects filtrate from the glomerulus.


  True