2.1.3 Key thinkers

• Anarchism is a political ideology that rejects the existence of the state and hierarchical authority
• What do anarchists advocate for in place of the state?

  Decentralized voluntary associations
• Match the anarchist thinker with their key idea:

  Pierre-Joseph Proudhon ↔️ Property is theft

  Mikhail Bakunin ↔️ Spontaneous revolution

  Peter Kropotkin ↔️ Anarchist communism
• Mikhail Bakunin criticized Marxism for centralizing power in a state-controlled economy.


  True
• Compare and contrast Mikhail Bakunin and Karl Marx:

  1️⃣ Role of the State: Bakunin - Abolition of the state; Marx - Temporary state control

  2️⃣ Revolution: Bakunin - Spontaneous uprisings; Marx - Organized working-class revolution

  3️⃣ Focus: Bakunin - Individual freedom; Marx - Economic equality
• What type of revolution did Bakunin advocate for?

  Spontaneous revolution
• What economic system did Proudhon advocate for based on mutual aid and voluntary associations?

  Mutualism
• Match the anarchist thinker with their key idea:

  Pierre-Joseph Proudhon ↔️ "Property is theft"

  Mikhail Bakunin ↔️ Spontaneous revolution

  Peter Kropotkin ↔️ Anarchist communism
• Proudhon argued that "property is theft".


  True
• Anarchism rejects the existence of the state and hierarchical authority.state
• What fundamental principle of anarchism emphasizes individual freedom?

  Individual liberty
• Bakunin believed the state should be abolished immediately rather than phased out.


  True
• Match the thinker with their view on the role of the state:

  Mikhail Bakunin ↔️ Abolition of the state

  Karl Marx ↔️ Temporary state control
• Proudhon's famous argument was that "property is theft".theft
• Proudhon believed that private property allows owners to profit from the labor of others.


  True
• What is the central principle of anarchism?

  Rejection of the state
• Anarchists believe the state is inherently oppressive and should be abolished.


  True
• Anarchists emphasize the importance of individual liberty
• Pierre-Joseph Proudhon argued that "property is theft
• What principle did Peter Kropotkin emphasize as an alternative to state-based socialism?

  Mutual aid
• Bakunin rejected hierarchical authority
• Pierre-Joseph Proudhon believed that private property allows the owner to profit from the labor of others.


  True
• Proudhon focused on developing an alternative economic system based on voluntary cooperation and mutual aid
• What political ideology did Proudhon support?

  Federalism
• What did Proudhon focus on in contrast to Bakunin's emphasis on revolution?

  Economic cooperation
• What is a core belief of anarchism regarding the state?

  It is inherently oppressive
• Which anarchist thinker opposed Marxism and supported spontaneous revolution?

  Mikhail Bakunin
• Bakunin saw the state as a tool of oppression and advocated for its complete abolition.oppression
• What was Bakunin's primary focus in his political philosophy?

  Individual freedom
• What type of economic system did Proudhon advocate instead of private ownership?

  Mutualism
• Unlike Bakunin, Proudhon focused on developing an alternative economic system based on mutual aid.aid
• Emma Goldman believed that true freedom could only be achieved through the abolition of the state.


  True
• What do anarchists believe about the state?

  It is inherently oppressive
• Anarchists emphasize the importance of individual liberty and oppose coercion

  True
• What was Mikhail Bakunin's role in shaping anarchism?

  Key anarchist theorist
• Bakunin emphasized the importance of spontaneous revolution
• Proudhon advocated for a decentralized economic system based on mutual aid
• Who was Emma Goldman and what were her key contributions to anarchism?

  Renowned anarchist thinker and activist ||| Individual liberty, social revolution
• Goldman advocated for direct action such as strikes and civil disobedience
• What is Noam Chomsky's interpretation of anarchism called?

  Anarcho-syndicalism