2.3.2 Transport Systems in Plants

• What are the two key transport systems in plants?

  Xylem and phloem
• What substance does the phloem transport?

  Sugars
• Match the transport system with its structure:

  Xylem ↔️ Long, dead cells joined end-to-end

  Phloem ↔️ Living cells with sieve plates
• The xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves
• Phloem cells are alive and have sieve plates
• What type of cells make up the xylem tissue?

  Dead cells
• Xylem cells form continuous tubes that allow water to flow upward.


  True
• What is the function of the xylem tissue?

  Transports water and minerals
• Arrange the key features of the xylem and phloem in a table:

  1️⃣ Xylem: Transports water and minerals

  2️⃣ Xylem: Long, dead cells

  3️⃣ Phloem: Transports sugars

  4️⃣ Phloem: Living cells with sieve plates
• Why are xylem and phloem vital for plants?

  Nutrient distribution
• Xylem cells are dead and hollow
• Match the phloem feature with its description:

  Living cells ↔️ Cells with sieve plates

  Bidirectional transport ↔️ Moves sugars from leaves
• Phloem cells are living cells with sieve plates
• Transpiration pull is affected by temperature and humidity.


  True
• Match the transport system with its substance and direction:

  Xylem ↔️ Water and minerals, upward

  Phloem ↔️ Sugars, bidirectional
• What does xylem transport in plants?

  Water and minerals
• Xylem is composed of living cells

  False
• The xylem structure allows water and minerals to be transported upwards
• Phloem cells are living and contain sieve plates


  True
• Phloem cells are connected by sieve plates.
• Steps in the process of water movement through the xylem

  1️⃣ Water enters root cells

  2️⃣ Root pressure pushes water upward

  3️⃣ Capillary action draws water upward

  4️⃣ Transpiration pull creates a gradient
• High humidity reduces the rate of transpiration

  True
• The phloem is composed of living cells connected by sieve plates
• Root pressure is effective over long distances in the xylem

  False
• Capillary action relies on the cohesion between water molecules and adhesion to the xylem walls
• Root pressure is generated by osmotic pressure in the roots
• What two properties of water molecules are essential for capillary action?

  Cohesion and adhesion
• What are the two primary transport systems in plants?

  Xylem and phloem
• Match the transport system with its substance and cell type:

  Xylem ↔️ Water and minerals, dead cells

  Phloem ↔️ Sugars, living cells with sieve plates
• What type of cells make up the xylem?

  Dead cells
• What is the direction of transport in the xylem?

  Upward
• The phloem can transport substances bidirectionally.


  True
• What is the direction of transport in the phloem?

  Bidirectional
• What type of xylem tubes enhance capillary action?

  Narrower tubes
• Higher temperature increases evaporation and transpiration, enhancing the transpiration pull
• What is the process of sugar transport in the phloem called?

  Translocation
• Higher temperature increases metabolic activity and translocation in the phloem.
• Match the phloem feature with its corresponding xylem feature:

  Living cells with sieve plates ↔️ Dead cells

  Bidirectional transport ↔️ Upward transport
• The phloem transports substances bidirectionally.


  True
• Sieve plates in the phloem allow sugars to flow through.


  True