10.1 X-ray imaging

• X-rays are produced in X-ray tubes through a three-step process that includes electron emission, acceleration, and production
• Which component of an X-ray tube serves as the target for electron collision?

  Rotating anode
• What happens to X-ray photons during scattering?

  Their path and energy change
• Which property of a material increases X-ray absorption?

  Higher atomic number
• Scattering of X-rays results in the beam spreading out due to deflection by atoms
• Materials with higher density absorb more X-rays than materials with lower density.


  True
• What is the function of the hot cathode in an X-ray tube?

  Releases electrons
• Electrons are released from the hot cathode via thermionic emission.

  True
• X-rays are produced when high-speed electrons collide with the anode
• Match the component of an X-ray tube with its function:

  Hot Cathode ↔️ Releases electrons

  Rotating Anode ↔️ Target for X-ray production

  High Voltage ↔️ Accelerates electrons
• X-ray absorption is greater for materials with higher atomic numbers and densities
• Which property is higher in scattering compared to absorption?

  X-ray energy
• For what type of materials is X-ray absorption greater?

  Higher atomic number
• Scattering is more pronounced in materials with lower atomic numbers and densities.


  True
• What type of X-ray imaging technique captures 2D images of internal structures?

  Plain radiography
• Fluoroscopy allows real-time visualization of moving structures within the body.

  True
• Match the X-ray imaging technique with its description:

  Plain Radiography ↔️ 2D static images

  Fluoroscopy ↔️ Real-time visualization

  CT Scanning ↔️ 3D high-resolution images
• Bones absorb more X-rays than soft tissues due to their higher density and atomic number.


  True
• What is used to reduce scatter and enhance image clarity in X-ray systems?

  Collimation and grids
• Absorption of X-rays is greater for materials with higher atomic numbers and densities
• X-rays are produced in an X-ray tube when a hot cathode emits electrons, which are then accelerated towards a rotating anode
• Absorption of X-rays is greater for materials with higher atomic number and higher density.


  True
• X-rays are produced in an X-ray tube when high-speed electrons collide with the anode
• What are two key processes that occur as an X-ray beam passes through matter?

  Absorption and scattering
• Absorption of X-rays is greater for materials with lower atomic number and lower density.

  False
• Scattering of X-rays is more pronounced in materials with lower atomic number and lower density.


  True
• What type of radiation is used in X-ray imaging?

  Electromagnetic radiation
• Steps in the production of X-rays in an X-ray tube

  1️⃣ Electron Emission

  2️⃣ Acceleration

  3️⃣ X-ray Production
• In scattering, X-ray photons change direction
• What effect does scattering have on the X-ray beam?

  Spreads it out
• What happens to X-rays when they are absorbed by atoms in a material?

  Their intensity reduces
• Scattering of X-rays occurs when they are deflected from their original path by atoms.

  True
• X-ray scattering can cause the beam to spread
• Match the property with its effect on X-rays:

  Atomic Number (Higher) ↔️ Reduces Intensity

  Density (Lower) ↔️ Spreads Out Beam
• Scattering causes X-rays to spread out, which can decrease image clarity.


  True
• Fluoroscopy allows real-time visualization of moving structures within the body
• CT scanning combines multiple X-ray images from different angles to create 3D images.


  True
• Contrast agents like barium sulfate enhance X-ray absorption
• Collimation and grids are used to minimize X-ray scattering and enhance image clarity.


  True
• High-speed electrons in the X-ray tube collide with the anode to generate X-rays