3.6 Cellular Respiration

• The three main stages of cellular respiration are glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain.
• The purpose of cellular respiration is to extract the maximum amount of energy from glucose.


  True
• The energy yield from glycolysis is approximately 2 ATP molecules and 2 NADH molecules per glucose molecule.
• What are the key products of pyruvate oxidation?

  Acetyl CoA, NADH, CO2
• One of the key products generated during pyruvate oxidation is acetyl CoA.
• One molecule of CO2 is released per pyruvate molecule during pyruvate oxidation.

  True
• Cellular respiration is the process by which cells convert chemical energy into ATP.
• Where does glycolysis take place in the cell?

  Cytoplasm
• Glycolysis produces approximately 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule.


  True
• Pyruvate oxidation converts pyruvate into acetyl CoA.
• The conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA releases one molecule of CO2 per pyruvate molecule.


  True
• The Krebs cycle generates additional NADH and FADH2 molecules to feed into the electron transport chain.
• The Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix of eukaryotic cells and the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells.cytoplasm
• Which electron carrier proteins are part of the electron transport chain?

  NADH dehydrogenase
• Steps of the electron transport chain

  1️⃣ Electrons are passed through electron carrier proteins

  2️⃣ A proton gradient is created across the inner mitochondrial membrane

  3️⃣ ATP synthase uses the proton gradient to produce ATP
• Match the stage of cellular respiration with its location in the cell:

  Glycolysis ↔️ Cytoplasm

  Citric Acid Cycle ↔️ Mitochondrial matrix

  Electron Transport Chain ↔️ Inner mitochondrial membrane
• What is the starting molecule for glycolysis?

  Glucose
• Steps of pyruvate oxidation

  1️⃣ Pyruvate is transported into the mitochondrial matrix

  2️⃣ Pyruvate is converted to acetyl CoA

  3️⃣ NADH is produced

  4️⃣ CO2 is released
• In which cellular location does the Krebs cycle occur?

  Mitochondrial matrix
• The conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA releases one molecule of CO2 per pyruvate molecule.
• What is the role of NAD+ in the Krebs cycle?

  Accepts electrons
• The proton gradient in the ETC drives ATP synthase to produce ATP.

  True
• ATP synthase is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and is crucial for oxidative phosphorylation.
• What is the primary energy currency of the cell produced by cellular respiration?

  ATP
• Match the stage of cellular respiration with its description:

  Glycolysis ↔️ Breaks down glucose into pyruvate

  Citric Acid Cycle ↔️ Releases CO2 and produces ATP

  Electron Transport Chain ↔️ Generates ATP using a proton gradient
• Where does glycolysis occur in the cell?

  Cytoplasm
• Pyruvate oxidation occurs in the mitochondrial matrix of eukaryotes.


  True
• The conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA releases one molecule of CO2 and produces one molecule of NADH per pyruvate molecule.
• What molecule does pyruvate get converted into during pyruvate oxidation?

  Acetyl CoA
• The three main stages of cellular respiration in order.

  1️⃣ Glycolysis

  2️⃣ Citric Acid Cycle

  3️⃣ Electron Transport Chain
• Glycolysis results in the breakdown of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate.
• Where does pyruvate oxidation occur in eukaryotic cells?

  Mitochondrial matrix
• Match the molecule with its role in pyruvate oxidation:

  Pyruvate ↔️ Starting molecule

  Coenzyme A ↔️ Forms acetyl CoA

  NAD+ ↔️ Accepts electrons
• What is another name for the Krebs cycle?

  Citric acid cycle
• What molecule enters the Krebs cycle and is oxidized?

  Acetyl CoA
• The electron transport chain produces the majority of ATP in the cell through oxidative phosphorylation.

  True
• As electrons move through the ETC, they release energy to pump hydrogen ions (H+) across the inner mitochondrial membrane.protons
• The electron transport chain generates up to 32-34 ATP molecules per glucose molecule.

  True
• Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm of cells and breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate.glucose
• Glycolysis produces approximately 2 ATP molecules and 2 NADH molecules per glucose molecule.


  True