Identifying common CPU components and their functions

• The CPU processes instructions by reading and executing commands from memory
• What does the CPU control in a computer system?

  Other hardware actions
• What is the purpose of the Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU)?

  Arithmetic and logical operations
• The ALU handles logical comparisons like AND, OR, and NOT.


  True
• The CU fetches instructions from memory
• What is the key difference between the CU and the ALU?

  CU coordinates, ALU calculates
• What is the purpose of registers in the CPU?

  High-speed storage
• The Accumulator (ACC) stores the results of ALU operations.


  True
• The Memory Data Register (MDR) stores the data to be written to or read from memory
• What are registers in a CPU used for?

  High-speed storage locations
• The CPU registers work together to fetch instructions from memory and coordinate the overall execution of programs
• The cache sits between the CPU and main memory
• What are the three main functions of the CPU?

  Process instructions, perform calculations, control hardware
• The Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) performs both arithmetic and logical operations
• Match the CPU component with its function:

  Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) ↔️ Performs arithmetic and logical operations

  Control Unit (CU) ↔️ Fetches, decodes, and coordinates instructions
• Clock speed is measured in Hertz (Hz) and indicates the number of cycles per second
• What are the three main types of buses in a bus system?

  Address, data, control
• The Control Bus carries control signals from the CPU to manage data flow
• What is the primary function of the Central Processing Unit (CPU)?

  Primary processing component
• The CPU performs arithmetic and logical operations.


  True
• The ALU performs arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division
• What is the role of the Control Unit (CU)?

  Coordinating CPU operations
• The CU interprets the meaning of instructions.

  True
• Match the CPU component with its function:

  Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) ↔️ Performs arithmetic and logical operations

  Control Unit (CU) ↔️ Fetches, decodes, and coordinates instructions
• The Program Counter (PC) stores the memory address of the next instruction
• What does the Memory Address Register (MAR) store?

  Memory address for data
• The Memory Data Register (MDR) stores the data to be written to or read from memory
• Match the register with its function:

  Program Counter (PC) ↔️ Stores the memory address of the next instruction

  Accumulator (ACC) ↔️ Stores the results of arithmetic and logical operations

  Memory Address Register (MAR) ↔️ Stores the memory address for data to be read from or written to

  Memory Data Register (MDR) ↔️ Stores the data to be written to or read from memory
• What is the primary function of the cache in a CPU?

  Stores frequently accessed data
• The cache improves CPU performance by reducing memory access delays.


  True
• Order the functions of the CPU in a typical instruction cycle:

  1️⃣ Process instructions

  2️⃣ Perform calculations

  3️⃣ Control other hardware
• What types of arithmetic operations does the ALU perform?

  Addition, subtraction, multiplication, division
• The Control Unit (CU) coordinates the flow of data within the CPU.

  True
• What is the role of the clock in a CPU?

  Synchronizes CPU operations
• Higher clock speeds generally result in better CPU performance.

  True
• Match the bus type with its function:

  Address Bus ↔️ Specifies the memory location

  Data Bus ↔️ Transfers data between components

  Control Bus ↔️ Coordinates and controls data flow