2.1.2 Weather and Climate

• Weather is observed on a short-term basis, typically over hours, days, or weeks.

  True
• Climate is observed over much longer time periods, typically decades or more
• What are examples of precipitation that define climate?

  Rainfall, snowfall
• Humidity is a key factor defining climate.


  True
• Climate is the long-term pattern of weather conditions observed over decades
• What are the key factors defining climate?

  Temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, humidity
• Order the key factors that define climate:

  1️⃣ Temperature

  2️⃣ Precipitation

  3️⃣ Wind patterns

  4️⃣ Humidity
• In summary, what does weather describe?

  Day-to-day atmospheric conditions
• Wind patterns are a key factor defining climate.


  True
• What are the main components that determine weather?

  Temperature, precipitation, wind, humidity, air pressure
• What are the primary components of climate?

  Temperature, precipitation, wind, humidity
• How is temperature measured in weather observations?

  Degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit
• Over what time scale are weather components typically observed?

  Hours, days, or weeks
• Regions near the equator receive more solar radiation than regions near the poles.


  True
• Prevailing winds influence the movement of air masses and the distribution of precipitation
• Weather refers to the state of the atmosphere
• What is the long-term pattern of weather conditions in a given area called?

  Climate
• Temperature is a key factor defining climate.


  True
• Wind patterns are a key factor that define a region's climate
• What is the short-term state of the atmosphere called?

  Weather
• Weather is highly variable, while climate is relatively stable over long periods.

  True
• What determines the state of the atmosphere in weather?

  Temperature, precipitation, wind, humidity, air pressure
• Weather is measured daily, while climate is analyzed using long-term data.


  True
• Weather has a short-term time scale, while climate has a long-term time scale
• What influences the short-term state of the atmosphere in weather?

  Temperature, precipitation, wind, humidity
• Temperature is measured in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit.

  True
• Weather describes the day-to-day atmospheric conditions, while climate refers to the long-term patterns and trends
• Wind direction and speed are components of weather.


  True
• Match the climate factor with its effect on climate:

  Latitude ↔️ Affects solar radiation and temperature

  Altitude ↔️ Higher altitudes have lower temperatures

  Ocean currents ↔️ Warm currents increase coastal temperatures
• Why do higher altitudes have lower temperatures?

  Decrease in air pressure
• What is the most widely used climate classification system called?

  Köppen climate classification system
• Match the climate type with its key characteristics:

  Tropical ↔️ High temperatures and heavy rainfall

  Dry ↔️ Low precipitation, hot or cold

  Polar ↔️ Very cold temperatures, low precipitation
• What does weather refer to?

  State of the atmosphere
• Match the weather factor with its measurement unit:

  Temperature ↔️ Degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit

  Wind Speed ↔️ Kilometers per hour or mph

  Air Pressure ↔️ Millibars or hectopascals
• Climate is observed over decades or more, while weather is observed daily.


  True
• One key factor that defines a region's climate is precipitation
• What is the primary difference between weather and climate?

  Time scale
• Order the following steps in comparing weather and climate:

  1️⃣ Identify the time scale

  2️⃣ Determine the key factors

  3️⃣ Analyze variability

  4️⃣ Analyze observation methods
• Weather is the short-term state of the atmosphere, while climate is the long-term pattern of weather conditions.


  True
• What unit is used to measure humidity?

  Percentage (%)