2.3 Cell Division

• What is the purpose of Meiosis II in terms of chromosome number?

  Further reduces haploid chromosome number
• Cytokinesis in animal cells involves the formation of a cell plate.

  False
• Match the cytokinesis mechanism with the cell type:

  Cell plate formation ↔️ Plant cells

  Cleavage furrow formation ↔️ Animal cells
• Why is the halving of the ploidy level in meiosis essential for sexual reproduction?

  To restore diploid chromosome count
• Arrange the phases of mitosis in the correct sequence:

  1️⃣ Prophase

  2️⃣ Metaphase

  3️⃣ Anaphase

  4️⃣ Telophase
• How does cytokinesis differ in plant and animal cells during mitosis?

  Cell plate vs cleavage furrow
• The key structure involved in cytokinesis in plant cells is the cell plate.
• What type of fibers make up the contractile ring in animal cells?

  Actin and myosin
• What process occurs during Prophase I that increases genetic variation?

  Crossing over
• What is the outcome of Meiosis I in terms of chromosome number reduction?

  Diploid to haploid
• How many divisions occur in mitosis?

  One
• What is the purpose of mitosis?

  Growth, repair, asexual reproduction
• Arrange the phases of mitosis in the correct order.

  1️⃣ Prophase

  2️⃣ Metaphase

  3️⃣ Anaphase

  4️⃣ Telophase
• During metaphase, chromosomes align at the cell's equator
• What reforms during telophase?

  Nuclear envelope
• Animal cells use a cleavage furrow and contractile ring for cytokinesis.


  True
• Match the cytokinesis mechanism with the cell type.

  Cell plate formation ↔️ Plant cells

  Cleavage furrow formation ↔️ Animal cells
• Mitosis produces two genetically identical daughter cells.


  True
• Arrange the phases of mitosis in the correct order:

  1️⃣ Prophase

  2️⃣ Metaphase

  3️⃣ Anaphase

  4️⃣ Telophase
• In plant cells, cytokinesis involves the formation of a cell plate.


  True
• In animal cells, cytokinesis involves the formation of a cleavage furrow using a contractile ring of actin and myosin.

  True
• In animal cells, a contractile ring forms a cleavage furrow to divide the cell.
• Match the phase of meiosis I with its key event:

  Prophase I ↔️ Crossing over occurs and homologous chromosomes pair up

  Metaphase I ↔️ Homologous pairs align at the cell's equator

  Anaphase I ↔️ Homologous pairs separate and move to opposite poles

  Telophase I ↔️ Nuclear envelope reforms and chromosomes decondense
• Mitosis produces two identical diploid cells, while meiosis produces four genetically different haploid cells.
• What is the purpose of mitosis in multicellular organisms?

  Growth, repair, asexual reproduction
• Arrange the phases of meiosis I in the correct order:

  1️⃣ Prophase I

  2️⃣ Metaphase I

  3️⃣ Anaphase I

  4️⃣ Telophase I
• Arrange the phases of Meiosis I in the correct sequence:

  1️⃣ Prophase I

  2️⃣ Metaphase I

  3️⃣ Anaphase I

  4️⃣ Telophase I
• What are two key outcomes of Meiosis I?

  Reduced chromosome number and genetic diversity
• Genetic variation in meiosis is high due to crossing over and independent assortment
• The ploidy level in mitosis is halved from diploid to haploid.

  False
• What happens to chromosomes during prophase?

  They condense and become visible
• In anaphase, sister chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell.


  True
• In plant cells, cytokinesis involves the formation of a cell plate
• What is the contractile ring made of in animal cells?

  Actin and myosin
• What is the primary purpose of mitosis in multicellular organisms?

  Growth, repair, asexual reproduction
• Match the phase of mitosis with its key event:

  Prophase ↔️ Chromosomes condense and spindle fibers form

  Metaphase ↔️ Chromosomes align at the cell's equator

  Anaphase ↔️ Sister chromatids separate and move to opposite poles

  Telophase ↔️ Nuclear envelope reforms and chromosomes decondense
• Cytokinesis is the final stage of cell division where the cytoplasm is physically divided.
• Why is cytokinesis essential for completing the mitotic cell division process?

  Ensures each daughter cell receives full genetic material
• What unique event occurs during prophase I of meiosis that increases genetic variation?

  Crossing over
• Meiosis I reduces the chromosome number from diploid to haploid.


  True