2.5 Classification of particles

• Fundamental particles, such as electrons, quarks, and leptons, cannot be broken down into smaller constituents
• Match the property with the correct particle type:

  Cannot be broken down ↔️ Fundamental Particles

  Made up of smaller particles ↔️ Composite Particles
• Composite particles can be unstable and undergo radioactive decay
• Quarks are fundamental particles that make up composite particles like protons and neutrons
• Gauge bosons mediate the fundamental forces, such as electromagnetism and the strong force.

  True
• Fundamental particles are the building blocks of all matter
• Fundamental particles are the building blocks of all matter, while composite particles are formed from their combination.


  True
• What type of charge do quarks have?

  Fractional electric charge
• Composite particles, like protons and neutrons, are made up of smaller fundamental particles such as quarks.


  True
• Give an example of a composite particle.

  Proton
• Fundamental particles are generally stable and do not undergo radioactive decay.


  True
• What are the three main types of fundamental particles?

  Quarks, leptons, gauge bosons
• Which fundamental particle does not experience the strong nuclear force?

  Lepton
• Match the particle type with its description:

  Quarks ↔️ Make up protons and neutrons

  Leptons ↔️ Do not experience strong force

  Gauge Bosons ↔️ Mediate fundamental forces
• What are composite particles formed from?

  Fundamental particles
• The three types of fundamental particles are quarks, leptons, and gauge bosons
• Gluons are gauge bosons that mediate the strong force between quarks.


  True
• Protons and neutrons are examples of baryons
• Quarks have fractional electric charges of +2/3 or -1/3 of the elementary charge.


  True
• Quarks are fermions with a spin of 1/2.


  True
• Quarks combine to form protons and neutrons.


  True
• Which gauge boson mediates electromagnetism?

  Photon
• Baryons are composed of three quarks
• Each quark carries one of three color charges
• How many flavors of quarks are there?

  Six
• Each quark carries one of three color charges: red, green, or blue
• Antiparticles of leptons have a lepton number of -1.


  True
• Arrange the lepton generations in order from lightest to heaviest based on their representative lepton mass:

  1️⃣ First generation (electron)

  2️⃣ Second generation (muon)

  3️⃣ Third generation (tau)
• Which fundamental force do leptons not experience?

  Strong nuclear force
• Match the composite particle with its fundamental particle composition:

  Baryon ↔️ Three quarks

  Meson ↔️ Quark and antiquark
• Protons are classified as composite particles composed of three quarks
• Match the composite particle type with its composition:

  Baryons ↔️ Three quarks

  Mesons ↔️ Quark and antiquark
• What is the role of mesons in atomic nuclei?

  Mediate forces between baryons
• How many flavors of quarks are there?

  Six
• What are the three main types of fundamental particles?

  Quarks, leptons, gauge bosons
• Leptons include electrons and neutrinos
• Leptons experience the strong nuclear force.

  False
• Match the composite particle with its composition:

  Baryon ↔️ Three quarks

  Meson ↔️ Quark and antiquark
• What are the possible fractional electric charges of quarks?

  +2/3 or -1/3
• Quarks have a spin of 1/2 and are fermions.


  True