1.2 Carbohydrates

• Monosaccharides are single sugar molecules.


  True
• Monosaccharides are classified as single sugar molecules
• Match the monosaccharide with its structural feature:

  Glucose ↔️ Six-carbon aldose

  Fructose ↔️ Six-carbon ketose

  Galactose ↔️ Stereoisomer of glucose
• Galactose is a stereoisomer of glucose
• What is the general formula for monosaccharides?

  $C_{n}H_{2n}O_{n}$
• Glucose is a six-carbon aldose and the primary energy source in biological systems.

  True
• Where is galactose commonly found?

  Milk sugar
• Lactose is a disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose.


  True
• What is the structural difference between amylose and amylopectin in starch?

  Branched vs. unbranched
• What structural feature of cellulose allows it to provide structural support in plants?

  Hydrogen bonds between chains
• Monosaccharides and disaccharides are broken down to provide energy
• Match the carbohydrate function with its example:

  Energy Source ↔️ Glucose, sucrose, maltose

  Structural Components ↔️ Cellulose

  Energy Storage ↔️ Starch, glycogen
• Which two polysaccharides are used for energy storage in organisms?

  Starch and glycogen
• What are the three main groups of carbohydrates?

  Monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides
• What is the general formula for monosaccharides?

  $C_{n}H_{2n}O_{n}$
• Which monosaccharide is a stereoisomer of glucose?

  Galactose
• Which two monosaccharides form sucrose?

  Glucose and fructose
• What are the monosaccharide components of sucrose?

  Glucose and fructose
• Where is maltose commonly found?

  Germinating seeds
• What are polysaccharides formed from?

  Monosaccharide units
• Match the type of carbohydrate with its composition and function:

  Monosaccharide ↔️ Simple sugar molecule ||| Energy source, building blocks

  Disaccharide ↔️ Two monosaccharides bonded ||| Energy source

  Polysaccharide ↔️ Many monosaccharides bonded ||| Energy storage, structural support
• What is the primary function of monosaccharides in biological systems?

  Energy source
• Monosaccharides have the general formula CnH2nOn.


  True
• Which disaccharide is commonly found in milk?

  Lactose
• Monosaccharides are simple sugars with the general formula $C_{n}H_{2n}O_{n}$
• Fructose is a six-carbon ketose
• Disaccharides are formed when two monosaccharides are linked together by a glycosidic bond.
• Maltose is formed by two molecules of glucose
• Match the function of carbohydrates with their examples:

  Energy Source ↔️ Glucose, sucrose, maltose

  Structural Support ↔️ Cellulose

  Energy Storage ↔️ Starch, glycogen
• Polysaccharides like cellulose act as structural components in plant cell walls.

  True
• Monosaccharides like glucose and disaccharides like sucrose are primary sources of energy
• Monosaccharides are single sugar molecules like glucose and fructose.

  True
• Glucose is a six-carbon aldose
• Disaccharides are formed when two monosaccharides are linked via a glycosidic bond.
• Lactose, found in milk, is composed of glucose and galactose monosaccharides.
• Which disaccharide is the main carbohydrate in milk?

  Lactose
• Maltose is formed by two glucose units linked via an α-1,4 glycosidic bond.
• Starch is primarily used for energy storage in plants.
• Match the polysaccharide with its function:

  Starch ↔️ Plant energy storage

  Glycogen ↔️ Animal energy storage

  Cellulose ↔️ Plant structural support
• Cellulose provides structural support in plant cell walls due to its long, straight chains.


  True