1.2.2 Mitosis and the Cell Cycle

• During the S phase of the cell cycle, DNA replication occurs.
• Mitosis is a type of cell division that produces two genetically identical daughter cells.
• Daughter cells produced by mitosis are genetically identical to the parent cell.
• The number of chromosomes in daughter cells produced by mitosis remains the same as in the parent cell.
• During prophase, the chromosomes condense and become visible.
• In telophase, the nuclear envelope reforms around the chromosomes.
• The four phases of mitosis ensure the accurate separation of genetic material into two identical daughter cells.


  True
• What type of cell division produces two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell?

  Mitosis
• Mitosis ensures that daughter cells have the same genetic information as the parent cell.

  True
• Mitosis results in the formation of two daughter cells.
• The purpose of mitosis includes sexual reproduction.

  False
• What are the key events that occur during prophase in mitosis?

  Chromosomes condense, nuclear envelope breaks down, mitotic spindle forms
• What happens to the chromosomes during telophase in mitosis?

  Chromosomes reach poles, nuclear envelope reforms, cell begins to divide
• How does cytokinesis differ in animal cells compared to plant cells?

  Animal cells use a cleavage furrow, plant cells use a cell plate
• Match the features of cytokinesis with the type of cell where they occur.

  Cleavage furrow ↔️ Animal cells

  Cell plate formation ↔️ Plant cells
• What are the primary purposes of mitosis in organisms?

  Growth, repair, asexual reproduction
• What is the purpose of meiosis in organisms?

  Sexual reproduction and genetic diversity
• The cell cycle consists of four main phases: G1, S, G2, and M
• Match the phase of the cell cycle with its description:

  G1 phase ↔️ Cell growth and protein synthesis

  S phase ↔️ DNA replication

  G2 phase ↔️ Final preparation for mitosis

  M phase ↔️ Cell division into two daughter cells
• The primary purpose of mitosis is for growth, repair, and sexual reproduction in organisms.

  False
• Mitosis results in the production of two daughter cells.
• The G1 phase involves DNA replication and error checking.

  False
• In anaphase, sister chromatids are pulled to opposite poles of the cell.
• Match the phase of mitosis with its description:

  Prophase ↔️ Chromosomes condense and nuclear envelope breaks down

  Metaphase ↔️ Chromosomes align at the metaphase plate

  Anaphase ↔️ Sister chromatids separate

  Telophase ↔️ Chromosomes reach poles and nuclear envelope reforms
• During the S phase, DNA replication results in identical copies of each chromosome.
• The primary purpose of mitosis is for growth, repair, and asexual reproduction
• How do the daughter cells in mitosis compare genetically to the parent cell?

  Genetically identical
• What happens to the number of chromosomes during mitosis?

  Maintains same number
• Order the four phases of mitosis.

  1️⃣ Prophase

  2️⃣ Metaphase

  3️⃣ Anaphase

  4️⃣ Telophase
• During metaphase, chromosomes align at the metaphase plate.
• Cytokinesis is the final stage of cell division, where the cytoplasm is divided into two distinct daughter cells.

  True
• In plant cells, the division mechanism during cytokinesis involves the formation of a cell plate.
• Cytokinesis results in two genetically identical daughter cells.

  True
• Meiosis is a specialized type of cell division that produces four genetically distinct daughter cells.