3.5.1 Traditional Drug Sources

• Traditional drug sources refer to natural sources from which drugs are derived
• Drugs from traditional sources often have complex molecular structures that are difficult to replicate artificially.


  True
• Penicillin, a drug derived from microorganisms, originates from the mold called Penicillium
• Statins, used to lower cholesterol, are derived from the microorganism Monascus
• Which plant is the source of aspirin?

  Willow bark
• From which plant is digoxin derived?

  Foxglove plant
• What animal source is insulin derived from?

  Pancreas of pigs/cows
• Animal sources for drugs may raise ethical concerns.


  True
• Drugs derived from plants are natural chemical compounds extracted from various plants.
• Match the drug with its plant source and use:

  Morphine ↔️ Opium poppy ||| Potent pain relief

  Quinine ↔️ Cinchona tree bark ||| Treats malaria

  Taxol ↔️ Yew tree ||| Chemotherapy drug
• Why are plant-derived drugs often difficult to replicate synthetically?

  Complex molecular structures
• Aspirin is derived from the bark of the willow
• Which plant is the source of morphine?

  Opium poppy
• Heparin, derived from the intestines of pigs, is used to prevent blood clots
• What is the animal source of insulin?

  Pancreas of cows and pigs
• Which microorganism produces penicillin?

  Penicillium mold
• Drugs derived from microorganisms often have highly effective and selective therapeutic actions.


  True
• Modern drug development methods allow for rational drug design targeting specific biological mechanisms.

  True
• An example of a drug derived from a plant is aspirin, which comes from the bark of the willow
• What is the plant source of morphine?

  Opium poppy
• Match the drug with its source:

  Aspirin ↔️ Willow bark

  Penicillin ↔️ Penicillium mold

  Insulin ↔️ Pancreas of pigs/cows
• Drugs from traditional sources often have complex molecular structures that are easy to replicate artificially.

  False
• Morphine, a potent pain relief drug, is derived from the opium poppy.
• Match the drug with its plant source:

  Aspirin ↔️ Willow bark

  Morphine ↔️ Opium poppy

  Digoxin ↔️ Foxglove plant

  Quinine ↔️ Cinchona tree
• One benefit of using animal-derived drugs is their biological similarity to human compounds.
• Which animal source is heparin derived from?

  Pig intestines
• Aspirin, derived from willow bark, is used to reduce pain and fever.


  True
• What are drugs derived from plants used for?

  Treating diseases and alleviating symptoms
• Plant-derived drugs have complex molecular structures that are difficult to replicate synthetically.

  True
• Match the animal-derived drug with its source:

  Insulin ↔️ Pancreas of cows and pigs

  Heparin ↔️ Intestines of pigs

  Collagen ↔️ Skin and bones of animals
• Animal-derived drugs have biological similarity to human compounds, making them effective for treatment.


  True
• Match the microorganism-derived drug with its source:

  Penicillin ↔️ Penicillium mold

  Statins ↔️ Monascus purpureus

  Cyclosporine ↔️ Tolypocladium fungus

  Rapamycin ↔️ Streptomyces hygroscopicus
• Statins, derived from red yeast, are used to lower cholesterol levels
• What are traditional drug sources characterized by?

  Complex molecular structures
• Traditional drug sources are natural, while modern drug development uses synthetic or semi-synthetic drugs