Herzberg 2 factor theory

• Who conducted interviews and surveys in the 1950s and 60s regarding job aspects?

  Herzberg
• What are the two broad categories of job aspects identified by Herzberg?

  Extrinsic and intrinsic factors
• What do extrinsic factors relate to in Herzberg's theory?

  Hygiene factors
• What are hygiene factors according to Herzberg?

  Aspects that prevent worker dissatisfaction
• What happens if hygiene factors are not present?

  Workers become extremely dissatisfied
• What is the effect of improving hygiene factors?

  Workers stop complaining but remain unmotivated
• What are intrinsic factors in Herzberg's theory?

  Motivating factors that enhance job satisfaction
• How do intrinsic factors affect workers?

  They motivate workers to perform better
• How can Herzberg's theory be connected to Maslow's hierarchy?

  Intrinsic factors relate to self-actualization
• What is the key focus for employers according to Herzberg?

  Implement hygiene factors to avoid dissatisfaction
• What is the outcome of having motivated employees?

  Increased productivity and reduced turnover
• What might be a consequence of increased productivity?

  Reduced absenteeism
• What does reduced labor turnover lead to?

  Lower recruitment costs
• What are the main components of Herzberg's two-factor theory?

  • Hygiene factors (extrinsic)
  • Prevent dissatisfaction
  • Examples: working conditions, pay, procedures
  • Motivating factors (intrinsic)
  • Enhance motivation
  • Examples: training, responsibility, development
• How do hygiene and intrinsic factors interact in the workplace?

  • Hygiene factors prevent dissatisfaction
  • Intrinsic factors motivate employees
  • Both are essential for optimal employee performance
• Who developed the two-factor theory?

  Frederick Herzberg
• In which decade did Herzberg develop his theories?

  The 1960s
• What method did Herzberg use to gather data for his theory?

  He interviewed accountants and engineers
• What are the motivating factors identified by Herzberg?

  Interesting work, recognition, personal achievement
• What are hygiene factors according to Herzberg?

  Factors that prevent dissatisfaction but do not motivate
• What are the two categories in Herzberg's two-factor theory?

  • Hygiene factors
  • Motivating factors
• What is the relationship between hygiene factors and employee satisfaction?

  • Hygiene factors prevent dissatisfaction
  • They do not increase motivation or satisfaction
• What outcomes are associated with motivating factors?

  • High motivation
  • High satisfaction
  • Strong commitment
• What is the effect of hygiene factors when they are met?

  They do not motivate employees further
• What is the role of motivating factors in Herzberg's theory?

  They lead to high motivation and satisfaction
• How do hygiene factors contribute to employee satisfaction?

  They provide general satisfaction and prevent dissatisfaction
• What are the implications of Herzberg's theory for management?

  • Focus on improving hygiene factors
  • Enhance motivating factors for better performance