3.2.8 Classification of programming languages

• High-level languages are closer to human language.
• Imperative programming focuses on *how* to do something.


  True
• Haskell and Lisp are examples of functional programming languages.

  True
• Match the programming classification with its example:

  High-level ↔️ Python

  Low-level ↔️ Assembly

  Imperative ↔️ C

  Declarative ↔️ SQL
• Order the programming paradigms based on their focus:

  1️⃣ Imperative: How to do something

  2️⃣ Declarative: What to do

  3️⃣ Object-Oriented: Objects and interactions

  4️⃣ Functional: Evaluating functions
• Python is a high-level programming language.

  True
• Which programming paradigm is used by FORTRAN?

  Imperative
• What is the focus of object-oriented programming languages?

  Objects and their interactions
• What is an example of a low-level programming language?

  Assembly
• Programming languages can be classified into two main categories based on their level of abstraction
• What is the focus of declarative programming languages?

  What to do
• Imperative programs execute instructions in a random order.

  False
• Programming languages are formal languages used to write computer programs
• C is an example of an imperative programming language.


  True
• What is the primary distinction between high-level and low-level languages?

  Level of abstraction
• Imperative programming languages focus on how to do something, while declarative languages focus on what to do
• Low-level languages are closer to machine language than high-level languages.


  True
• Python, Java, and C# are examples of high-level languages.
• Which programming paradigm focuses on *what* to do, not how?

  Declarative
• Match the programming paradigm with an example language:

  Object-Oriented ↔️ Java

  Functional ↔️ Haskell

  Imperative ↔️ C

  Declarative ↔️ SQL
• Which of the following is an example of a high-level programming language?

  Python
• The object-oriented programming paradigm focuses on objects and their interactions.
• Match the classification with an example:

  High-level ↔️ Python

  Low-level ↔️ Assembly

  Object-Oriented ↔️ Java

  Declarative ↔️ SQL
• Imperative programming focuses on *how* to do something, rather than *what* to do.


  True
• What is a mutable state in imperative programming?

  Variables can be changed
• What is a key characteristic of declarative programming regarding variables?

  Immutable state
• An example of declarative programming is SQL.
• What does Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) center around?

  Objects containing data and methods
• In inheritance, new classes inherit properties and methods from existing classes known as parent classes
• Match the OOP characteristic with its description:

  Encapsulation ↔️ Bundling data and methods into an object

  Inheritance ↔️ Creating new classes from existing ones

  Polymorphism ↔️ Object takes on multiple forms
• The example code in Java demonstrates inheritance and polymorphism by overriding the 'makeSound()' method in the Dog class


  True
• High-level programming languages are closer to human language
• Which programming paradigm focuses on how to do something?

  Imperative
• Which programming paradigm uses objects and their interactions?

  Object-Oriented
• Imperative programming focuses on how to do something, rather than what to do
• In imperative programming, variables can be changed or updated during program execution


  True
• In the example Python code, the value of 'y' is calculated based on the value of x
• Sequential execution is a key characteristic of imperative programming.

  True
• Control flow in imperative programming is managed using constructs like loops and conditionals
• Match the programming paradigm with its focus:

  Imperative Programming ↔️ How to do it

  Declarative Programming ↔️ What to do