4.2 Conservation of Momentum

• What is the definition of linear momentum?

  Mass times velocity
• The formula for linear momentum is p = mv
• Linear momentum describes an object's resistance to changes in its motion.

  True
• What does the Law of Conservation of Momentum state?

  Total momentum remains constant
• The mathematical expression for the Law of Conservation of Momentum is Σp_initial = Σp_final
• How is momentum conserved in a closed system?

  Total momentum remains constant
• What is a key characteristic of an elastic collision?

  Kinetic energy is conserved
• Linear momentum is calculated as the product of mass and velocity.


  True
• What are the units of linear momentum?

  kg·m/s
• What does the Law of Conservation of Momentum state in a closed system?

  Total momentum remains constant
• The Law of Conservation of Momentum can be expressed mathematically as Σp_initial = Σp_final
• Σp_initial represents the sum of the initial momenta in a system.


  True
• Arrange the time phases and their corresponding total momentum:

  1️⃣ Before Interaction - Σp_initial

  2️⃣ After Interaction - Σp_final
• In an elastic collision, the total momentum before the collision equals the total momentum after the collision.


  True
• What is conserved in an inelastic collision but not kinetic energy?

  Momentum
• In an inelastic collision, the kinetic energy is not conserved
• Match the collision type with its properties:

  Elastic ↔️ Momentum and kinetic energy conserved

  Inelastic ↔️ Only momentum conserved
• In what type of collision is kinetic energy conserved?

  Elastic
• The equation m₁v₁ + m₂v₂ = m₁v₁' + m₂v₂'</latex> applies to inelastic collisions.

  False
• Steps to solve the inelastic collision example

  1️⃣ Write the momentum conservation equation

  2️⃣ Substitute the given values

  3️⃣ Solve for the final velocity
• The Law of Conservation of Momentum applies unless external forces act on the system.

  True
• In a closed system, the sum of initial momenta equals the sum of final momenta.

  True
• In an elastic collision, the momentum conservation equation is m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v1' + m2v2'
• The Law of Conservation of Momentum states that in a closed system, Σp_initial = Σp_final
• What happens to the sum of momenta when two balls collide in a closed system with no external forces?

  It remains constant
• In a closed system, the total momentum remains constant before and after an interaction
• What two quantities are conserved in an elastic collision?

  Momentum and kinetic energy
• A 3 kg ball moving at 6 m/s hits a stationary 2 kg ball, and they stick together after impact. What is the final velocity of the combined mass?

  3.6 m/s
• The Law of Conservation of Momentum can be used to solve both elastic and inelastic collision problems.


  True
• The key difference between elastic and inelastic collisions is whether kinetic energy is conserved
• What equation is used to find final velocities in an elastic collision?

  m₁v₁ + m₂v₂ = m₁v₁' + m₂v₂'
• What equation is used to find the common final velocity in an inelastic collision?

  m₁v₁ + m₂v₂ = (m₁ + m₂)v_final
• The momentum conservation equation for elastic collisions is $m₁v₁ +$$m₂v₂ =$$m₁v₁' +$$m₂v₂'$


  True
• What is the common final velocity of objects after an inelastic collision called?

  v_final
• For inelastic collisions, the momentum conservation equation is m₁v₁ + m₂v₂ = (m₁ + m₂)v_final
• Steps to solve momentum conservation problems

  1️⃣ Write the momentum conservation equation

  2️⃣ Identify initial and final conditions

  3️⃣ Substitute the given values

  4️⃣ Solve for the unknown variable
• The total momentum before a collision is equal to the total momentum after the collision.


  True
• Match the collision type with its properties:

  Elastic ↔️ Momentum and kinetic energy conserved

  Inelastic ↔️ Momentum conserved, kinetic energy lost
• What do v₁' and v₂' represent in the elastic collision equation?

  Final velocities
• For inelastic collisions, the final velocity of both objects is the same