3.3 Potential Energy

• Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position or configuration
• Gravitational potential energy is stored when an object is raised to a height above a reference point.


  True
• Match the variables in the gravitational potential energy formula with their meanings:

  $m$ ↔️ Mass of the object

  $g$ ↔️ Acceleration due to gravity

  $h$ ↔️ Height above reference point
• The formula for elastic potential energy is $U_{s} =$$\frac{1}{2}kx^{2}$, where $k$ is the spring constant and $x$ is the displacement
• The spring constant in elastic potential energy is measured in Newtons per meter.


  True
• Gravitational potential energy is stored due to an object's position in a gravitational field
• Steps to calculate gravitational potential energy:

  1️⃣ Identify the mass of the object

  2️⃣ Determine the height above the reference point

  3️⃣ Use the formula $U_{g} =$$mgh$
• Gravitational potential energy is dependent on the mass, gravity, and height of an object.


  True
• The formula for elastic potential energy is $U_{s} =$$\frac{1}{2}kx^{2}$, where k</latex> is the spring constant
• The displacement in elastic potential energy is measured from the equilibrium position.


  True
• In the gravitational potential energy formula, $g$ represents the acceleration due to gravity
• Height in the gravitational potential energy formula is measured in meters.

  True
• What is the formula for gravitational potential energy?

  $U_{g} =$$mgh$
• The acceleration due to gravity is approximately 9.8 m/s².
• The reference point for height in gravitational potential energy calculations determines the zero point for the potential energy.

  True
• What is gravitational potential energy stored due to?

  Object's position
• The formula for gravitational potential energy is $U_{g} =$$mgh$
• What is the formula for elastic potential energy?

  $U_{s} =$$\frac{1}{2}kx^{2}$
• The spring constant k is measured in newtons per meter.


  True
• Match the type of potential energy with its formula:

  Gravitational Potential Energy ↔️ $U_{g} =$$mgh$

  Elastic Potential Energy ↔️ $U_{s} =$$\frac{1}{2}kx^{2}$
• What does the conservation of mechanical energy state?

  Total energy remains constant
• The formula for kinetic energy is K = \frac{1}{2}mv^{2}</latex>
• Gravitational potential energy is one of the main types of potential energy.


  True
• How is gravitational potential energy calculated?

  $U_{g} =$$mgh$
• Match the type of potential energy with its storage mechanism:

  Gravitational Potential Energy ↔️ Object's height in a gravitational field

  Elastic Potential Energy ↔️ Compression or stretching of a spring
• The conservation of mechanical energy states that the total mechanical energy of an isolated system remains constant unless external work is done on the system.
• What is the formula for kinetic energy?

  K = \frac{1}{2}mv^{2}</latex>
• There are two main types of potential energy: gravitational and elastic.

  True
• Gravitational potential energy is calculated using the formula mgh.
• What does the variable $g$ represent in the gravitational potential energy formula?


  Acceleration due to gravity
• What is the formula for elastic potential energy?

  $U_{s} =$$\frac{1}{2}kx^{2}$
• In the elastic potential energy formula, $k$ represents the spring constant.
• The conservation of mechanical energy allows us to solve problems involving energy transformation between kinetic and potential forms.


  True
• What is potential energy stored in an object due to its position or configuration called?

  Gravitational potential energy
• In the gravitational potential energy formula, $m$ represents the mass of the object.
• Match the type of potential energy with its formula and description:

  Gravitational ↔️ $U_{g} =$$mgh$

  Elastic ↔️ $U_{s} =$$\frac{1}{2}kx^{2}$
• Arrange the variables in the gravitational potential energy formula in order of their description:

  1️⃣ $U_{g}$: Gravitational potential energy

  2️⃣ $m$: Mass of the object

  3️⃣ $g$: Acceleration due to gravity

  4️⃣ $h$: Height of the object
• The gravitational potential energy formula is mgh
• The value of g (acceleration due to gravity) is approximately 9.8 m/s^2


  True
• Match the variable in the gravitational potential energy formula with its unit:

  U_g ↔️ Joules

  m ↔️ Kilograms

  h ↔️ Meters