5.1 Theories of crime and deviance

• Crime violates the law
• What are the three main purposes of crime and deviance according to functionalist theories?

  Reinforce norms, cohesion, change
• What is the difference between crime and deviance?

  Violates law vs social norms
• Deviance is always punishable by law.

  False
• Subcultural theories argue that individuals engage in deviant behavior as a response to structural factors like poverty.


  True
• Informal social control includes attachment to conventional institutions such as family
• Functionalist theories argue that crime and deviance facilitate social change.


  True
• Deviance violates social norms
• Functionalist theories argue that crime and deviance can help to reinforce social norms
• Match the perspective with its view of crime and deviance:

  Functionalist ↔️ Reinforces norms

  Non-Functionalist ↔️ Disrupts social order
• Subcultural theories focus on group-level factors like poverty and discrimination
• Individual theories of crime and deviance focus on individual motivations and psychology
• Informal social control includes attachment to family and internalized moral values.

  True
• Labeling someone as a criminal can become a master status that influences how they are perceived.


  True
• Feminist theories highlight how patriarchal structures contribute to crime and deviance.


  True
• Interactionist theories emphasize that crime and deviance are inherent in the behavior itself.

  False
• Sociological theories of crime and deviance offer different lenses through which to understand their complex social phenomena
• Subcultural theories examine crime and deviance at the group
• What are the two types of social control according to social control theories?

  Informal and formal
• Match the concept with its definition:

  Crime ↔️ Behavior violating the law

  Deviance ↔️ Behavior violating social norms
• Crime violates the law
• Crime is always punishable by the state.


  True
• Match the type of violation with an example:

  Crime ↔️ Theft

  Deviance ↔️ Unconventional clothing
• Functionalists view crime and deviance as dysfunctional to society.

  False
• Subcultures develop norms that justify deviant behavior within the group.


  True
• Social control theories emphasize mechanisms that maintain social order
• Interactionist theories argue that crime and deviance are socially constructed
• Marxist theories view crime and deviance as a result of class conflict
• Functionalist theories argue that crime and deviance reinforce social norms
• Gender and power dynamics contribute to crime and deviance, particularly in relation to domestic violence and sexual assault
• What might a functionalist argue is the purpose of publicly punishing a high-profile criminal?

  Reinforce social norms
• What would a social control theorist likely focus on when analyzing deviant behavior?

  Breakdowns in social bonds
• A Marxist analysis of crime would likely focus on underlying class conflicts and the exploitation of the working class
• Applying diverse theoretical lenses enhances our understanding of crime and deviance.

  True
• Which type of behavior is punishable by the state?

  Crime
• Functionalist theories argue that crime and deviance help to reinforce social norms, promote social cohesion, and facilitate social change
• Non-functionalist perspectives view crime and deviance as dysfunction that disrupts social order and individual well-being
• Subcultural theories examine crime and deviance at the group level.


  True
• Social control theories argue that crime and deviance occur when social control mechanisms break down
• Informal social control relies on social bonds, attachment to institutions, and internalized moral values