15.5 Particle Physics

• What does particle physics study?

  Fundamental constituents of matter
• There are four fundamental forces in particle physics.


  True
• Which fundamental force affects charged particles?

  Electromagnetic
• The weak force has an infinite range.

  False
• The gravitational force affects all particles with mass
• What does the strong force bind together?

  Quarks
• The weak force is responsible for certain radioactive decays.

  True
• What is the Standard Model of Particle Physics?

  A theory of fundamental particles and forces
• The carrier particle for the electromagnetic force is the photon
• W and Z bosons are the carrier particles for the weak force.


  True
• Order the fundamental forces by their relative strength from strongest to weakest.

  1️⃣ Strong

  2️⃣ Electromagnetic

  3️⃣ Weak

  4️⃣ Gravitational
• The Standard Model of Particle Physics classifies particles into fermions and bosons
• The strong force has an infinite range.

  False
• Match the force with its carrier particle:

  Electromagnetic ↔️ Photon

  Weak ↔️ W and Z Bosons

  Strong ↔️ Gluon
• What type of hadron is composed of three quarks?

  Baryon
• Mesons are composed of a quark-antiquark pair
• Baryons have a baryon number of 0.

  False
• Which baryon is found in the nucleus of an atom?

  Proton
• Match the force with its relative strength and range:

  Electromagnetic ↔️ 1, Infinite

  Weak ↔️ 10^-6, Short

  Strong ↔️ 1, Short

  Gravitational ↔️ 10^-39, Infinite
• What is the carrier particle of the electromagnetic force?

  Photon
• The weak force has a relative strength of 10^-6
• Hadrons are composite particles bound by the strong force.


  True
• What is the quark composition of a proton?

  uud
• Baryons consist of three quarks
• Mesons are always stable particles.

  False
• Which fundamental particle does not interact via the strong force?

  Lepton
• Muons and taus are heavier versions of the electron
• Leptons experience the strong force.

  False
• Match the lepton with its charge and mass:

  Electron ↔️ -1, 0.511 MeV

  Muon ↔️ -1, 105.7 MeV

  Tau ↔️ -1, 1.777 GeV

  Neutrino ↔️ 0, < 1 eV
• Leptons are a class of fundamental particles that do not interact via the **strongforce
• Match the lepton with its description:

  Electron ↔️ Negatively charged, in all atoms

  Muon ↔️ Heavier version of electron

  Neutrino ↔️ Electrically neutral lepton

  Tau ↔️ Heaviest charged lepton
• The electron has a charge of -1 and a mass of 0.511 MeV


  True
• Leptons do not experience the strong force
• Match the boson with the force it mediates:

  Photon ↔️ Electromagnetic force

  W and Z Bosons ↔️ Weak force

  Gluon ↔️ Strong force
• The W and Z bosons mediate the weak force
• QCD describes the interactions between quarks and gluons


  True
• Match the QCD property with its description:

  Quarks ↔️ Fundamental constituents of hadrons

  Gluons ↔️ Force carriers of strong force

  Color charge ↔️ Determines strong force interaction
• In QCD, the range of the strong force is short and measured in femtometers
• The electromagnetic and weak forces are both mediated by bosons


  True
• Match the force with its mediator and range:

  Electromagnetic ↔️ Photon, Infinite

  Weak ↔️ W and Z Bosons, Short