15.2 Atomic Models

• What is an atomic model a representation of?

  Atomic structure and behavior
• Atomic models are crucial in understanding atomic phenomena such as atomic spectra, radioactivity, and chemical bonding
• The Rutherford model proposed that electrons orbit a positively charged nucleus.

  True
• The Bohr model introduced the concept of discrete energy levels for electrons
• The quantum mechanical model describes electrons as probability distributions rather than discrete particles.


  True
• Which early atomic model proposed a positively charged nucleus with orbiting electrons?

  Rutherford model
• The Bohr model explained the observed atomic spectra
• The Rutherford model suggested that electrons can move freely within the atom.

  False
• Who proposed the Plum Pudding Model of the atom?

  J.J. Thomson
• The Thomson model was later disproven by the Rutherford model.
• What did the Rutherford model propose about the atom's structure?

  Small, dense, positively charged nucleus
• The Bohr model introduced the concept of discrete energy levels for electrons
• What does the quantum mechanical model describe about electrons in an atom?

  Probability distributions
• The Rutherford model suggested that electrons orbit the nucleus at fixed distances.

  True
• The Bohr model explained the observed atomic spectra
• Match the atomic model with its key feature:

  Rutherford Model ↔️ Positively charged nucleus

  Bohr Model ↔️ Discrete energy levels

  Quantum Mechanical Model ↔️ Probability distributions
• What was the structure of the atom according to Thomson's Plum Pudding Model?

  Positively charged "pudding"
• In Thomson's model, electrons were randomly embedded within the positive "pudding".
• Who proposed the Rutherford Model of the atom?

  Ernest Rutherford
• The Rutherford model proposed that atoms have a positively charged nucleus with orbiting electrons.
• The Rutherford model suggested that most of the atom's mass is concentrated in the nucleus.

  True
• Who proposed the Rutherford Model of the atom in 1911?

  Ernest Rutherford
• The Rutherford Model states that atoms consist of a small, dense, positively charged nucleus
• The majority of an atom's mass is concentrated in the nucleus according to the Rutherford Model.


  True
• What experimental evidence supported the Rutherford Model?

  Gold foil experiment
• The Rutherford Model paved the way for the development of the Bohr Model of the atom.
• Bohr's model proposed that electrons orbit the nucleus in discrete energy levels or shells.

  True
• What happens when an electron moves between energy levels in Bohr's model?

  Absorbs or emits photons
• Bohr's model successfully explained the hydrogen spectrum but had limitations for multi-electron atoms
• What is the purpose of atomic models?

  Understanding atomic phenomena
• Match the atomic model with its description:

  Rutherford Model ↔️ Atoms consist of a positively charged nucleus

  Bohr Model ↔️ Electrons orbit in discrete energy levels

  Quantum Mechanical Model ↔️ Electrons are described as probability distributions
• Arrange the atomic models in chronological order of their development:

  1️⃣ Thomson's Plum Pudding Model

  2️⃣ Rutherford Model

  3️⃣ Bohr Model

  4️⃣ Quantum Mechanical Model
• Who proposed the Thomson's Plum Pudding Model in 1904?

  J.J. Thomson
• The Thomson Model described the atom as a positively charged "pudding" with negatively charged electrons
• The Thomson's Plum Pudding Model was disproven by the Rutherford Model.


  True
• What experiment supported the Rutherford model of the atom?

  Gold foil experiment
• The Rutherford model contradicted the Thomson's plum pudding model.

  True
• The Rutherford Model of the atom was proposed in 1911
• Match the feature of the Rutherford Model with its description:

  Atomic Structure ↔️ Positively charged nucleus with orbiting electrons

  Electron Arrangement ↔️ Electrons orbit at discrete distances

  Charge Neutrality ↔️ Positive charge equals negative charge
• Arrange the key features of Bohr's model in a logical order:

  1️⃣ Electrons orbit in discrete energy levels

  2️⃣ Electrons can jump between levels by absorbing or emitting photons

  3️⃣ Energy levels are quantized

  4️⃣ Atomic spectra are produced by photon emission