14.1 Wave Properties

• The wavelength of a wave is measured in meters
• Give an example of a transverse wave.

  Light
• The oscillation direction in a transverse wave is perpendicular to the direction of propagation.

  True
• Match the wave property with its description:

  Amplitude ↔️ Maximum displacement from equilibrium

  Wavelength ↔️ Distance between two consecutive crests

  Frequency ↔️ Number of oscillations per second

  Period ↔️ Time for one complete oscillation
• Wave speed is directly proportional to both wavelength and frequency.

  True
• What is the direction of oscillation in a longitudinal wave relative to the direction of wave propagation?

  Parallel
• Match the type of wave with an example:

  Transverse Wave ↔️ Electromagnetic Wave

  Longitudinal Wave ↔️ Sound Wave
• What is the unit of frequency?

  Hertz
• Order the steps to define the wave parameters:

  1️⃣ Define amplitude

  2️⃣ Define wavelength

  3️⃣ Define frequency

  4️⃣ Define period
• What is a wave defined as?

  A disturbance that transfers energy
• The frequency of a wave is measured in hertz.


  True
• In a longitudinal wave, oscillations are parallel to the direction of propagation
• What is the direction of oscillation in a longitudinal wave relative to its propagation?

  Parallel
• The equation relating wave speed, wavelength, and frequency is v = λf
• What is the unit of frequency?

  Hertz
• The oscillations in a transverse wave are perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation.
• In a transverse wave, the particle motion is perpendicular to the direction of wave travel.


  True
• The amplitude of a wave is measured in meters.
• What is the formula relating wave speed, wavelength, and frequency?

  $v =$$λf$
• What is the principle that governs wave superposition?

  Their displacements add together
• What are the two factors that determine the degree of diffraction of a wave?

  Wavelength and obstacle size
• What is wave diffraction?

  Bending of waves
• Waves with longer wavelengths diffract more than waves with shorter wavelengths.


  True
• What is wave reflection?

  Waves bouncing back
• Regular reflection occurs from smooth surfaces.


  True
• Wave refraction occurs because wave speed varies in different media
• What is the refractive index of air?

  1.0003
• What is a wave defined as?

  Disturbance transferring energy
• The unit of frequency is hertz (Hz).


  True
• The amplitude of a wave is the maximum displacement from equilibrium
• If a wave has a wavelength of 2 meters and a frequency of 5 Hz, what is its wave speed?

  10 m/s
• When waves overlap, their displacements add together, which can lead to either constructive or destructive interference
• Destructive interference occurs when the crest of one wave lines up with the trough
• In destructive interference, the amplitude of the resulting wave is decreased

  True
• When waves destructively interfere, their amplitudes cancel each other out completely


  True
• Waves with longer wavelengths diffract more than waves with shorter wavelengths


  True
• Order the following wave properties from most pronounced to least pronounced diffraction:

  1️⃣ Long Wavelength Waves

  2️⃣ Short Wavelength Waves
• In regular reflection, the surface is smooth, and the reflected wave direction is coherent

  True
• Wave refraction is the change in direction of a wave as it passes from one medium to another
• Match the medium with its refractive index:

  Vacuum ↔️ 1.0

  Water ↔️ 1.33

  Diamond ↔️ 2.42