15.5 Particle Physics

• Which fundamental force affects charged particles?

  Electromagnetic
• What does the strong force bind together?

  Quarks
• The carrier particle for the electromagnetic force is the photon
• The Standard Model of Particle Physics classifies particles into fermions and bosons
• What type of hadron is composed of three quarks?

  Baryon
• Which baryon is found in the nucleus of an atom?

  Proton
• The weak force has a relative strength of 10^-6
• Baryons consist of three quarks
• Muons and taus are heavier versions of the electron
• Leptons are a class of fundamental particles that do not interact via the **strongforce
• Leptons do not experience the strong force
• The W and Z bosons mediate the weak force
• In QCD, the range of the strong force is short and measured in femtometers
• Particle physics studies fundamental particles like electrons, quarks, and leptons
• Hadrons are composite particles made of quarks bound by the strong force


  True
• The Standard Model of Particle Physics classifies particles into fermions and bosons
• The weak force has an infinite range.

  False
• Hadrons are composite particles made up of quarks bound together by the strong force.
• Mesons are composed of a quark and an antiquark pair.
• Baryons have a baryon number of 1.
• The gluon mediates the strong force, which binds quarks together inside hadrons.


  True
• Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) is the theory that describes the strong force and the interactions between quarks and gluons.
• The electromagnetic and weak interactions are two of the fundamental forces in nature.
• Quarks and gluons possess a property called color charge that determines how they interact via the strong force.

  True
• Match the fundamental force with its range:

  Electromagnetism ↔️ Infinite

  Strong force ↔️ Short (femtometers)
• The electromagnetic force acts between particles with electric charge and is mediated by the photon.
• What fundamental particle, discovered at the LHC, helps explain the origin of mass in the universe?

  Higgs boson
• What property of neutrinos contradicts the Standard Model's prediction?

  Mass
• Gluons are the force carrier particles of the strong force.


  True
• The strong force has an infinite range.

  False
• The weak force has a relative strength of 10^-6 and a short range.


  True
• Which particle was discovered using the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)?

  Higgs boson
• What property of neutrinos contradicts the Standard Model's prediction?

  Their non-zero mass
• What does particle physics study?

  Fundamental constituents of matter
• The weak force has an infinite range.

  False
• The weak force is responsible for certain radioactive decays.

  True
• W and Z bosons are the carrier particles for the weak force.


  True
• The strong force has an infinite range.

  False
• Mesons are composed of a quark-antiquark pair
• Match the force with its relative strength and range:

  Electromagnetic ↔️ 1, Infinite

  Weak ↔️ 10^-6, Short

  Strong ↔️ 1, Short

  Gravitational ↔️ 10^-39, Infinite