14.1 Wave Properties

• What is a wave defined as?

  A disturbance that transfers energy
• Give an example of a transverse wave.

  Light
• What is the direction of oscillation in a longitudinal wave relative to its propagation?

  Parallel
• What is the direction of oscillation in a longitudinal wave relative to the direction of wave propagation?

  Parallel
• In a transverse wave, the particle motion is perpendicular to the direction of wave travel.


  True
• Order the steps to define the wave parameters:

  1️⃣ Define amplitude

  2️⃣ Define wavelength

  3️⃣ Define frequency

  4️⃣ Define period
• What is the principle that governs wave superposition?

  Their displacements add together
• Wave diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or edges.
• Waves with longer wavelengths diffract more than waves with shorter wavelengths.


  True
• The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection
• Snell's Law relates the refractive indices of two media to the angles of incidence and refraction.


  True
• What is a wave defined as?

  Disturbance transferring energy
• The amplitude of a wave is the maximum displacement from equilibrium
• Constructive interference occurs when waves interfere in a way that increases the amplitude
• Destructive interference occurs when the crest of one wave lines up with the trough
• If two waves with amplitudes of 3 meters each constructively interfere, the resulting wave has an amplitude of 6 meters
• Waves with longer wavelengths diffract more than waves with shorter wavelengths


  True
• Wave reflection occurs when a wave encounters a boundary and bounces back into the original medium
• Wave refraction is the change in direction of a wave as it passes from one medium to another
• When light passes from air to water at an incidence angle of 30°, the angle of refraction can be calculated using Snell's Law
• The frequency of a wave is measured in hertz.


  True
• The oscillation direction in a transverse wave is perpendicular to the direction of propagation.

  True
• The equation relating wave speed, wavelength, and frequency is v = λf
• What is the unit of frequency?

  Hertz
• Match the type of wave with an example:

  Transverse Wave ↔️ Electromagnetic Wave

  Longitudinal Wave ↔️ Sound Wave
• The amplitude of a wave is measured in meters.
• If a wave has a wavelength of 2 meters and a frequency of 5 Hz, its wave speed is 10 m/s.

  True
• Match the type of interference with its effect on amplitude:

  Constructive Interference ↔️ Increases amplitude

  Destructive Interference ↔️ Decreases amplitude
• Waves with longer wavelengths diffract more than waves with shorter wavelengths.

  True
• The degree of diffraction depends on the wavelength of the wave and the size of the obstacle or opening
• What is wave reflection?

  Waves bouncing back
• What is an example of diffuse reflection?

  Reflection from paper
• When light passes from air to water at an incidence angle of 30°, the angle of refraction is approximately 22.08°
• Match the type of wave with its characteristic:

  Transverse wave ↔️ Perpendicular oscillation

  Longitudinal wave ↔️ Parallel oscillation
• If a wave has a wavelength of 2 meters and a frequency of 5 Hz, what is its wave speed?

  10 m/s
• Constructive interference occurs when the crests of waves line up to increase the amplitude of the resulting wave


  True
• In destructive interference, the amplitude of the resulting wave is decreased

  True
• Wave diffraction is the bending of waves around obstacles or edges
• Order the following wave properties from most pronounced to least pronounced diffraction:

  1️⃣ Long Wavelength Waves

  2️⃣ Short Wavelength Waves
• Match the type of reflection with its surface characteristic:

  Regular Reflection ↔️ Smooth surface

  Diffuse Reflection ↔️ Rough surface